186 ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY. 



Character of the Sub-order. Calyx tubular, persistent, 5-Iobed, at first slightly, afterwards 

 more distinctly two-lipped (owing to the enlarging ovary splitting it on each side). Corolla 

 hypogynous, monopetalous, salver-shaped; tube cylindrical; limb spreading, 5-7-lobed (lobes 

 obovatc, cuniate, sub-emurginate). Stamens 2, inserted within the tnbe, incluse; filaments short ; 

 anthers oblong, 2-celled; cells parallel, contiguous, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary free, 2-celled; 

 ovules 4 in each cell, pendulous from near the apex of the septum. Style about the length of 

 the tube ; stigma bifid. Capsule obovate, cuniate, very obtuse above, hard, rough, woody, 2-cell- 

 ed, dehiscing loculicidally (through the middle of the partition as in Acanthaceoe) ^ valves septife- 

 rous. Seed 4 in each cell, pendulous from the apex, oblong, ending below in a long sub-lanceo- 

 late wing ; testa smooth, endoplura somewhat thick, spongy, embryo exalbuminous, radicle short, 

 next the hilum, cotyledons oblong, fleshy, longitudinally plaited. — A tree with opposite, exstipu- 

 late, pinnate leaves, trlchotomous panicles, minute bracts. "Flowers small, variegated, white and 

 brown, fragrant, especially during the night." Roxb. 



Roxburgh's specimens were from the Circars. Those from which the accompanying draw- 

 ings were made, I gathered in Mysore, and I can recall having once seen the tree on the eastern 

 slopes of the Neilgherries, below Kotergherry, but not in flower. I never, so far as I can now 

 recollect, met with it growing in the Circars in the jungles of which it would, from Roxburgh's 

 account, appear to abound. It is rare in Southern liidia. 



My analysis of the ovary (Plate 162) is less perfect than I could have wished, owing to 

 nearly all the flowers on my solitary specimen being injured by insects; I had, therefore, to use 

 young fruit, of the size represented, fig. 7, from which the figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 were taken. 



Further explanation of that plate seemes scarcely necessary, beyond merely remarking that 

 No. 15 is the cotyledons denuded of their covering, and 16, a cross section of a full-grown seed, 

 showing the thickness of the endoplura and plaited cotyledons. 



CXIL— PEDALIACE^. 



Prodromus. It has smce been enlarged by the addition of the section Sesamece, which, so far 

 as I understand his observation under the ordinal character, he did not intend to include, 

 but which seems better placed here than in Bignoniacece, in which Endlicher has stationed it. 

 l>e Candolle adopted the order under the name of Sesamea including the original Pedalinece as a 

 tribe m place of the primary order, a proceeding which has not been adopted by other authors. 

 It IS a curious order and, unless examined at a very early stage, before the corolla exceeds the 

 length ot the calyx, can scarcely be correctly understood. At that early stage the ovary is 

 one-celled, with 2 or 4 rows of ovules, but as it advances it becomes, by the growth of partitions, 

 divided into 2 or 4 cells. Two_ genera only are natives of India, Sesamum and Pedalium, the 

 ovary of the former, at the period of impregnation, having 4, the latter 2 cells. The ovary in 

 both genera ,s composed of 2 carpels, placed anterior and posterior to the axis. At the above 

 Sr^I l'''^^ ^1 f ' ^\' carpels of the former are each furnished within on the back with a 



«nninnfn. rr ^''^^^''''^1 ^^^^^^ ^? ^H. ^"^^^ ^^^^^g^^' ^^^'^^^ *« the centre forming a 

 spurious partition, as m Bignomacece, having like them a row of seed lying on each side. By this 



7:^Z\riln" J^^""""'^ ^r'^'\^^'^'''^ ^^} '^''^' '^' P'^-t "^he difficulty of under- 

 ocSJ dpbTr.ptr Ar ^^^^7^^*^^ »°",^^^ld by the firm union of the two carpels, and the 

 DTesen W It^Zl % '^^*f' ??'?^' *^'"*^"^^ *^^ "^'^^^^ ^f t^e spurious partition, 



of theTfd^e, TZ^T"" , "^^'' if^ ^'^^ '^?'^' ^^^ ^^Pti^id^l dehiscence. The placenta 

 t^ se atblellt l^^^T^^^^^tf^ ]^^ ^ ^--"^ ^ ^^^ 



Bignomaceae) 



That this 



4-«;Ha^ rTln^^^+o •« 4.1. ^ V T 1 --*6"-"^"'^^«'75 *>uu a. row 01 seea on each anffle. inat inia 

 m dd e teaJntl „f IT'^' ' ^^! f <^<;ri»i''ecl from occasionally finding it V" along the 



comnonnd LnM^L Ti, . '''7'" "fJ'V'^S "''''"«'' '<> th" "Pposite one), thus showing its 



LTr midd e of Z'c J„ f ""•"'='!"-%«f Pedalinm is similar in kind but wanttag the thickening 

 L^tIhtet;fntth74LT;nuLd wUh 4?^^^^^^^^ ^^"'"^ ""''"t"' '««• ^'"' --""''l 



inexplicable appearance. L wf »U " Lt 1""»,'P °f ' P'-'=»™'-g. when cut across, a most 



production 



