222 



ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY- 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE 176. 



1. Leucas Zeylanica (R. Br.) small plant, natural size. 



2. An expanded flower. 3. Corolla split open. 



4. Anthers, side and front views. 



5. Calyx and ovary. 



6. Detached ovary. 



7. Ovarjf cut transversely. 



8. Fructiferous calyx. 



9. A nearly full-grown but immature seed. 



10. A detached fruit. 



11. A nut cut transversely. 



12. Cut longitudinally. 



13. Cotyledons detached. 



14. Upper and under surfaces of the leaves. All more 

 or less magnified. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE 176-b. 



1. 



2. 

 3. 

 4. 

 5. 



Anisochilus carnosus. 

 Lavandula Bunnanni. 

 Salvia lanata. 



(Wall.) 



(Benth.) 

 (Roxb.). 

 Pogostemon rotundatum. 

 Micromeria biflora. 



6. Nepetaleucophylla. 



(Benth.) 



(Benth.) 



(Benth.) 



7. 



8. 



9. 

 10. 

 IL 

 19. 



Scutellaria violacca. (Heyne.) 



Prunella vulgaris. (Linn.) 

 Goraphastemina Heyneana. 

 Leucas urticaefolia. 



(R. Br.) 

 Leonotis nepetifolia. (R. Br.) 

 Teucreum tomentosum. 



(Wall.) 



(Heyne.) 



CXXI.— PLANTAGENACEtE. 



This small order, consisting of only 3 genera, but now including about 120 species, was 

 first established by Jussieu, who, regarding what more modern Botanists call the corolla a 

 petioled calyx and the calyx an involucrum, placed it between Jmarantacece and Nyctaginece. A 

 recent writer, Barneoud, who has deeply studied the order, takes a somewhat similar view, he 

 also viewing it as monochlamedious, but with this difference, that he calls Jussieu's involucrum 

 a calyx and his calyx modified stamens. Neither of these views of the nature of the floral 



envelopes, is admitted to be correct 



the generality of modern Botanists, who, almost 



universally acknowledge it a member of the CoroUiflorous sub-class, considering the floral envelopes 

 as truly a calyx and corolla as those of any other order. It consists of low herbaceous stemless 

 plants usually with the leaves all radical, forming rosettes. Some however are caulescent with 

 opposite or alternate leaves. _ In Indian Botany it is an order of very secondary importance, 

 on y three or four species having yet been found in India Proper, and, so far as I am aware, 

 only one within the hmits of the Peninsula, and that confined to the highest mountains, such 



as the iNeilD^hernes and Pninpv Mnnn+o^no ^^a xt tt'h- • -^ i A .-• . - • 



as the iNeilgherries and Puluey Mountains 



From the mountains in 



Scmde however I have received, through the kindness of Mr. Stocks, two or three species 

 showing in the flora of that country a marked tendency towards a greater predominence of the 

 ^7nlfTL Ti f"? confirmed by several other families, such as Crucifer^, Labiatce, 



tW t nf ^fr'^L Tl^ ? ii""^-'^ ^vT^ ^""r' r'y ^^^^^"^ f^'°«^ those of India and akin to 

 those of Europe. The following, slightly altered, is Lindley's 



Character of the Order. 



Calyx imbricated in aestivation, 4-parted, persistent 



Cor- 



mserted .„to the corolla, alternately with_ it,_ segments ; filament/filiform flaccid, doubled 



Ovary composed of a single [?] carpel, 



_„._ ..„ „ J «*.-^iixt*v,cijf vvim lis seg 



inwards in aestivation; anthers versatile 2-celled. 



sessile, without a disk 



ovules peltate or erect 



loi, o ij "- « v^^i.cu. yjvary composea ot a single I.'' carpei, 



isk 2- very seldom, 4-celIed, the cells caused by the angles of the placenta ; 



rect sohtary, twin, or indefinite ; style simple, carpellary ; stigma hispid, 



bihd. Capsule membranous, deblspln^ +nn„oi ' u/ ^uiT I i„L „i„.info 



r.. — *. ^-.^^.1,. i.m'_^ - / . V"^g. across the hilum m the axis of fleshy albumen: radicle 



na, interior, or m some ra.sp« PAnfi.:p«^«i tj„-i. •'i. , 



less, occasionally with a stem. 



_ cases centrifngal.— Herbaceous plants, usually stem- 

 Leaves forming rosettes, or in the caulescent species both alter- 



uaxe ana opposite; flat and ribbed or taper and Ap^I^,- t?t .— -- -r— rni . 



u^aally Hsex„al. ,eIdo., by abortion, .itVthe male ttf;.2ir^rratTfl:::er'" "" ' ' 



f 



order is too confined^l'o'fd^T. generally admitted to be obscure and my acquaintance with the 



remarked J^ssi^uandVi^^^^^ / ""^ ^f "?/ ^"^ ^'''^^^ ^P^"^«« ^^ the sibje<^t- As already 

 remarked, Jussieu and Barneoud consider it Jnonochlamedious. a position from which Botanists 



Affikities. 



