UNITED STATES. 19 
ment with the every-day purposes of life. The building is a beautiful 
object from whatever point it is seen; the lower or basement part which 
is beneath the level of the ground in front, is occupied by the 
machinery, consisting of some half-dozen powerful water-wheels, giving 
motion to twice the number of huge force-pumps laid horizontally 
with very long strokes, and which impel the water into a most capacious 
reservoir sunk on the eminence which overhangs the structure, and to 
which there is an ascent by winding walks of easy inclination, bor- 
dered by trees and shrubs of various kinds. Amongst these, the Scarlet 
Trumpet-flower, or, as it is here called, Trumpet Vine (Zecoma radi- 
cans) indicates by its semispontaneous growth on the rocks, that its 
appearance in the woods may soon be looked for by the traveller going 
southward, and accordingly this: gorgeous climber greets the eye in a 
perfectly native state in the neighbourhood of Washington (lat. 38° 
53’), which I believe is not the extreme polar limits it attains on meri- 
dians to the westward of that city. 
Beyond Fair Mount on the line of the Columbia Railroad, the 
Catalpa (Catalpa cordifolia) grows commonly on the sides of hills and 
steep banks, and though not indigenous to Pennsylvania, is so far 
naturalized as to look considerably like a native, and ripens abundance 
of seeds. In America, this tree not only attains a far greater size 
than is usual with us, but is much more branched, the trunks dividing 
into more numerous limbs, that are in their turn more minutely rami- 
ed. As far as my observation goes, the Catalpa reaches its greatest 
development in Virginia, where at Richmond (in lat. 37° 34 W., 
long. 77° 27^) are specimens on a red sand-stone soil, from fifty to 
sixty feet in height, and at least four feet in diameter, dividing at no 
great elevation into vast horizontal limbs forming a round-topped 
summit of great symmetry and beauty. In both the Carolinas and 
Georgia it is much diminished in stature, though stilla handsome 
tree, and beyond New York its vegetation is repressed by the rigour of 
the winter, and its regular proportions much injured by the loss of the 
end-shoots from the frosts in spring. The native region of this tree 
has been a matter of question, because it has been frequently remarked 
growing near old settlements of the Indians. Michaux found it on 
the banks of rivers in the upper parts of Carolina and Georgia, and I 
have myself seen it in plenty along those of the Oakmulgee in the . 
latter state, far from houses or cultivation, but always close to the 
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