140 ON ANATROPAL AND ORTHOTROPAL OVULES. 
—— - Solanacea, Linn. .. Solanum aggregatum, Jacq. 
hirtella, Spr. = gracillimum, Sendt. 
—— herbacea, Mill. .. Ignota. 
On ANATROPAL and ORTHOTROPAL OVULES ; by BENJAMIN CLARKE, 
Esq., (Pl. V. A. B.) 
As the orthotropal and anatropal states of the ovule are generally 
considered to have an influence in determining the affinities of natural 
orders, the discovery of ovules, in both these conditions, growing 
on the same placenta, will I trust, be regarded as an interesting 
fact (Vide Tab. V. A). The plant in which this unusual structure 
occurred was Tellima grandiflora; and the flower in which it was 
observed was at the base of a raceme, and had arrived at a state of 
maturity, having begun to expand itself. No other variation from 
the usual structure existed in any part of the flower ; and the ovules 
were viewed in different aspects for the purpose of verification. 
An inference which appears deducible from this singular circumstance 
is, that the orthotropal and anatropal states of the ovule are of less 
value in separating orders than has by some botanists been supposed. 
The ovules vary from orthotropal to anatropal in several nat 
orders, as for example Sterculiacee, Palmacea, &c.; and the same 
difference taking place in the ovules of a single flower, offers an addi- 
tional reason for concluding that orders, otherwise in affinity, should 
not be considered as distant from each other, from the want of corres- 
pondence in the structure of their ovules, such as Prankeniacee and 
Silenacee, Urticacee and Nyctaginacee, Urticacee and Chenopodiacee, 
and even Papaveraceg and Crucifere, notwithstanding the absence of 
albumen in the latter order. 
I have also observed another departure from ordinary structure in 
the ovules of a monstrous ovary of Matthiola incana, the ovules of. 
which are campylotropal. In this instance one ovule was distinetly 
orthotropal and another apparently so (Vide Plate V. B.) Such à 
deviation occurring in a monstrous ovary, I should not, as a single 
instance, have thought worthy of much attention, the ovules being also 
very small comparatively with the ovules usually formed (not equal i m 
size as in the Te/lima), but, from the case of the Tellima, it seems 
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