BALSAM TREES OF SCINDE. 261 
pellary leaves, leaving the nut enveloped by a four-cleft yellow pulp, 
whose arms meet at the apex. Nut ovate-acute, readily splitting into 
two. Each half has a groove on the commissural plane, bifurcating 
upwards. Into this groove fits a prolongation of the axis. The drupe 
has sometimes three sutures, and a six-cleft pulp; and rarely four 
sutures, four nuts, and an 8-cleft pulp. Out of a parcel of Mis = 
two had three sutures and one had four sutures, the rest being no 
Seeds generally one in each cell or 4 (two ovules being deos e); 
often 2. (three abortive), more rarely 2 [oos diae still more rarely 
$ ini abortive), and very seldom $ (all perfe umen none; 
ombejn straight ; radicle superior ; a RA intricately crum- 
pled and plaited. 
Oss. 1. This shrub is called Googul or Guggur, by the Hill-Belooches, 
who indeed do not know it by the name of Mukul. It yields the gum- 
resin Googul, which they collect and bring to the bazaars of Hydrabad 
and Kurrachee, where it sells at the rate of two Rupees the Maund of 
80 lbs. At Bombay, its Tariff valuation is two Rupees the Maund. 
It is collected in the cold season by making incisions with a knife in 
the tree, and letting the resin fall on the ground. Hence the dirty and 
impure state in which. it is found in the shops. I have obtained it 
from September to February, and have found it exude in large tears 
from a clean incision, of the colour, consistence, and opacity of “ pus 
laudabile.” My informants say that from half to a whole seer is 
yielded by a single tree. It is esteemed cordial and stimulant. It 
hardens and turns brownish-black very slowly. 
Made up into a cake with bajree flour, it is commonly given to horses 
and cattle when they have a cold. The dealers from Cabool have a cus- 
tom of administering it to their horses in the cold season, thinking that 
it keeps them in health and condition. The fruit and young shoots are 
applied to a similar purpose. The gum is made into a plaster and used 
to discuss tumours and boils, and is regarded as efficacious in expelling 
the guinea-worm, both taken internally and applied to the tumour. It is 
extensively employed by the Hindoos as incense for burning in their tem- 
ples, although its smell is by no means agreeable. It is also much prized 
by builders, who mix it with the mortar and plaster used in the con- 
struction of houses of a somewhat superior description, where durability 
is an object. The Googul is boiled in water for a considerable time, 
when its spirit (as they phrase it) is communicated to the water, and 
