272 BOTANY OF THE 
latitudes nearly corresponding to those of the Swedish and Russian : 
capitals,) and the advantage of the more southerly position of the British 
metropolis becomes apparent in the higher temperature of summer as 
of all the other seasons, as will be evident from the subjoined table, 
exhibiting the temperature of the year and four seasons, &c. of six 
places situated at the sea level, and all, except the last, under nearly 
equal parallels of latitude. 
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Christiania 59 54 | 10 55 E.| 41°72 | 39°20 | 59°54 | 42°44 | 25°16 | 61°70 | 23°36 
Stockholm 5921|18 5 | 42°08 | 38°60 | 60°98 | 43°70 | 25°52 | 63:68 | 23:90 
Upsala 59 52|1738 |41'54 | 38°12 | 59°) | 43°16 | 25:84 | 61:34 | 23°18 
o 60 27 | 22 18 40°28 | 36:38 | 60:26 | 41°76 | 22°28 | 63:68 | 21°02 
St. Petersburgh 59 56| 30 19 | 38°30 | 35°60 | 60°26 | 40:46 | 16°88 | 62:42 | 13°46 
London 51 31} 00 5 W! 50°39 | 49°10 | 62°78 | 51:26 39°56 | 64‘04 | 37°40 
The above results were selected from the copious tables of Mahl- 
mann, in Walker’s edition of Professor Kimtz’s Meteorology, 1845, 8vo. 
the calculations reduced by me from the centigrade scale into that of 
Fahrenheit. The value of having these tables under the eye for refer- 
ence will be seen when I come to compare the American with the 
European climates, a little further on. 
ect of an inland position, in raising the temperature of sum- 
mer, is much smaller than is generally supposed, whilst its influence in 
depressing that of the winter months increases prodigiously with the 
distance from the shores of the ocean. is will be made evident by 
the following tables taken like the foregoing from Mahlmann, and re- 
duced like that to degrees of Fahrenheit, and the heights above the sea 
from metres into English feet. This table exhibits the mean tempe- 
rature of the year and four seasons at six places, nearly equal in lati- 
tude but progressively receding eastward from a maritime to a deeply 
inland or continental climate. 
5 g RE * aa H s 
aie, F Salig 
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62°78 | 51:26 | 3956 | 64°04 | 37°40 
64°76 | 50°51 | 36°50 | 66:84 | 34°16 
*68 | 48°38 | 29:94 | 64°94 "i 42 
63:50 | 46°40 | 27°50 “76 
— | 65°12 | —— | 16° 203 
0 | 60°68 | 28°04 | 00°32 | 63°50 | 310 11342 
Sees! 
With full allowance for the reduction of temperature consequent on 
the moderate elevation of five of these places above the sea, we cannot 
