362 DR. HOOKER'S MISSION TO INDIA. 
Pandanus? with a straight stem and a tuft of leaves, each eight or 
ten feet long, waving on all sides (I have seen no flower or fruit). 
Araliacee, with smooth or armed slender trunks, and Mappa-hike 
Euphorbiaceae, spread their long g petioles horizontally forth, each termi- 
nated with an ample leaf some feet in diameter. Bamboo abounds 
everywhere: its dense tufts of culms, 100 feet and upwards high, are 
as thick as a man’s thigh at the base. Grewia, Bradleia, Aquilaria, 
Mimosa and Acacia, Garcinia, shrubby Composite and Cinchonacee 
are very frequent ; also Vitis, Cissus and Leea (I think several species), 
Hiraa, Gordonia, Eurya, Triumfetta, Hibiscus, Abutilon, Sida, Capparis, 
Kydia, Helicteres, Hovenia, Paliurus, Zizyphus, Colubrina, Casearia, 
Crotalaria, Tephrosia, Guilandina, Uvaria, Desmodia, Flemingia, Mucuna, 
Dalbergia, Cassia and Bauhinia, Grislea, oe Sizygium, 
Momordica, Bryonia, Panax, Aralia, He Iralis, Nauclea, 
Hymenodyction, Musseuda, Randia, odei. Oldenlandia, Ophio- 
rhiza and others, Heidyotis, Hamiltonia, Pavetta, Coffea, Psycho- 
tria, Spermacoce, Rubia, Vernonia, Ageratum, Eupatorium, Conyza, 
- Blumea, Diospyros, Rivea, Argyreia and Convolvulus, Cordia, Tournefortia, 
§c. Of smaller shrubs, Acanthacee are far the most numerous, then 
Fici, Euphorbiaceae, Lauri, Mesua. , Embelia and Behmeria, Celtis, and 
various Desmodia, Hedysara, d other minose. At this season 
Monocotyledones are scarce : a few Calami and other palms, large grasses, 
and more Oyperacee, Scitaminee, and Curculigo, with  parasitical 
Orchidee, are the prevalent tribes. Amongst the herbaceous vegetation 
Cucurbitacee are especially numerous, Acanthacee, some Labiate, 
Balsaminee, Asclepiadee, Apocynee, and Urticee. Along the cut 
roadside I gathered two Hydrocotyles, Piddingtonia (which is surely not 
distinct from Pratia), Oxalis, Mollugo, Polygona, Composite, Impatiens, 
Desinocheton, Ageratum, Adenostemma, Bidens, Wedelia, and other 
such tropical weeds. ‘Twenty or thirty species of ferns were luxu- 
riant and handsome. Foliaceous lichens and a few mosses appeared 
at 2,000 feet 
Such is the vegetation of the roads through the tropical forests of the 
Sub-Himalaya. I add_a list of some of the genera I remarked, which 
I could all the better observe from being short of paper and without the 
means of collecting largely. At about 4,000 feet the road crossed a 
saddle, and ran along the narrow crest of a hill, the top of that facing 
the plains of India, and over which is the way to the interior ranges, 
