ARGYNNIS XI. 



April, fourth 11th to 12th, fifth from 16th to 19th April, and the butterflies came 

 out from 12th to 27th May. After the first moult I lost no larvie. Before that 

 there had been some loss, mostly, I thought, from their having been brought to 

 a warm room too soon after I received them. These imagos were all of large 

 size, equalling any ever seen here in the field. Coinpaiiiig the stages of these 

 frozen larvae with others which in previous year I had carried through winter in 

 a cool room : — 



Iced Larv-e. Bkought fkom Cool Room. 



Time from removal to 1st moidt, 8 to 18 days .... 44 days and upwards. 



" " 1st moult to 2d, 8 to 12 days 17 " " " 



" 2d " to 3d, 4 to 9 days 11 " " " 



•' 3d " to 4th, 5 to 8 days 12 " " " 



" " 4th " to 5th, 4 to 8 days 14 " " « 



" 5th " to chrysalis, 9 to 12 days ... 12 



" " chrysalis to imago, 16 to 20 days .... 24 



Total period, 73 to 86 days 134 



u a II 



Evidently the freezing served as a tonic, and the larvse subjected to it were 

 in a healthy condition. Since 1880, I have been in the habit of freezing hiber- 

 nating larvfe of all species, and have been very successful in rearing them to 



nnago. 



The early brood of Cyhde appears here about the first of June. In some 

 seasons they are quite abundant, but in others rare. For twenty years I have 

 recorded the first appearance. The earliest date for the male has been 19th May, 

 the latest, 17th June ; the females always a few days later than the male. Soon 

 after 1st July they are all gone. About 15th August, fresh males appear again, 

 and then the females, and both are exceedingly plenty in September, the males dis- 

 appearing about middle of the month, the females, some of them, living till frosts 

 come in October. Eggs can always be got during September, by confining the 

 females over violet. In one instance, 219 eggs were laid by a single female. 

 When several are confined together, the bag and plant and earth are sprinkled 

 with eggs. It would seem as if there must be two broods of the imago, one in 

 June, the other in August, but two months do not give sufficient time for eggs to 

 be laid and larvse to mature and for the pupa stage. The shortest period for the 

 egg has l)een twelve da^^s, for the larval stages and pupa seventy to eighty. 

 Of course, the hot weather between June and September might accelerate all 

 stages, if eggs were laid in June. I never saw a mature egg in any female dis- 

 sected in June, nor could eggs be obtained in confinement. In June, 1887, the 

 species was plenty, and I shut up nine females on 29th ; but failed to get an egg. 



