GRAPTA I. 



springing from black tubercles. Duration of tliis stage, three days in April, two 

 in Au2;ust. 



After 2d moult : Length .3 to .33 inch ; same shape ; color dark olive-brown 

 or black-brown or reddish-brown, individuals varying; the spines longer, and at 

 one third from the top give off branches ; the posterior end of each segment 

 after 2 crossed by two or three fine white lines ; in front of the medio-dorsal 

 row of spines are two oblique divergent whitish bars, and one such bar from base 

 of each spine in first lateral row on outer side ; the spines vary largely in color, 

 some larvae having all the spines black, some have the dorsal and first lateral 

 rows on 5th, 7th, 9th segments white, the rest black ; some have white from 

 4 to 11 ; some have white on 9 only; on 2 a collar of black simple spines ; head 

 broader than high, the top rather square, not much depressed, the processes 

 larger, but similar to preceding stage, crowned with six points, one in middle, 

 the rest about it ; surface glossy black, with many simple spines, of diiferent 

 sizes, usually all black, but some examples show a few white among the black ; 

 each with long hair. To next moult, in May three days, in August two days or 

 somewhat less. 



After 3d moult : Length .38 to .4 inch ; color black, crossed on the posterior 

 end of each segment with two or three lines or stripes of white, sometimes more 

 or less macular and varying much in width ; the oblique marks on dorsum as 

 before, more conspicuous ; a yellow band runs along base in line with lower 

 lateral spines, and the posterior part of each segment above this band show^s an 

 oblique bar, and some white spots and points ; the spines as before ; the medio- 

 dorsal row always white ; those of first lateral row usually white, but sometimes 

 on 3 are black, or partly black ; some examples have the second lateral row 

 wholly black, others white, or some of the last spines are parti-colored ; head as 

 before, the white spines predominating largely. To next moult, in May three 

 days, in August two days or somewhat less. 



After 4th moult : Length .8 inch ; in three days reaches maturity. 



Mature Larva. — Length 1 inch ; cylindrical, stout ; the color varies much, 

 some examples being cream-white, some greenish-white, with almost no mark- 

 ings, or the markings are obsolescent ; others are velvet-black, the dorsum 

 crossed by white stripes on the posterior edges of the segments, with two white 

 divergent bars meeting at a small angle in front of each dorsal spine and run- 

 ning to the anterior edge of the segment, and with a similar oblique bar from 

 each spine of the first lateral row on the lower side of it ; along base is a raised 



