40 



(2.) Owing to the scarcity of apples and the abundance of apple 

 insects, the season was the most unfavorable possible for the suc- 

 cess of these remedies. 



(3.) The insecticides were applied suspended in water, the Paris 

 green in the ratio of one and a half ounces to five gallons, the Lon- 

 don purple in half that weight, and the lime in indefinite amount. 



(4.) The spraying with Paris green began when the apples were 

 about as large as currants ; and four days later, with the London 

 purple and lime. 



(5.) All the trees were thoroughly sprayed seven and eight times 

 between June 9 and September 3. 



(6.) The fallen apples were gathered six times from July 16 on- 

 ward, and those remainining were picked as they ripened. 



(7.) All the apples, both fallen and'ripened, 16,529 in number, 

 were examined individually for insect injuries, and those due to the 

 codling moth and curculios were separately noted. 



(8.) As a result of the examination of 2,418 apples from trees 

 which had been sprayed with Paris green, and of 2,964 others from 

 check trees which had not been so treated, it appealed at the end 

 of the season that 21 per cent, of the poisoned apples had been in- 

 fested by the codling moth and 67.8 of those not so treated ; while 

 27.3 per cent, of the poisoned lot had been infested by the curculios 

 and 51.3 per cent of those not sprayed. That is to say, treatment 

 with Paris green had saved something more than two thirds of the 

 apples which would otherwise have been damaged by the codling 

 moth, and something more than half of those which would have 

 been sacrificed to the curculio. It should be remembered in this 

 connection that the Paris green not only serves to protect the apples 

 from attack, but by actually destroying the insects must assist to 

 lessen the amount of insect injury in succeeding years. Analysis of 

 apples one week after treatment with Paris green, a heavy storm 

 intervening, gave abundant evidence that this insecticide could 

 not be safely applied for some weeks preceding the harvesting of 

 the fruit. 



(9.) As a result of the comparison of 1,205 apples from a single 

 tree sprayed with London purple, and 2,036 apples from a check 

 tree not so treated, it appeared that 49 per cent, of the former were 

 affected by the codling moth and 58.8 of the latter, and also that 

 39 per cent, of the first lot of apples had been invaded by curculios 

 and 48 per cent, of the second lot. The London purple thus saved 

 about one sixth of the apples which would otherwise have been sac- 

 rificed to the codling moth and about one fifth of those otherwise 

 to be spoiled by the curculios. 



In comparing these results with those derived from the Paris 

 green exoeriment it must be remembered, however, that the spray- 

 ing wiili London purple began four diys later than that with Paris 

 green, and that the latter, as used, contained about one third more 

 arsenia thin the former. It sh )uld ba further noted that both were 

 applied to the limit of considerable damage to the foliage, conspic- 

 uous as early as the last of July. 



