41 



(10.) 1,706 apples obtained from a tree treated with lime, as 

 compared with 1,825 apples collected from a tree of the same variety 

 used as a check, show that 53.9 per cent, of the former contained 

 the apple worm, and 49.8 per cent, of the latter, thus indicating the 

 uselessness of this substance as against the codling moth. A simi- 

 lar application made to a tree heavily loaded with fruit, bearing in 

 all 3,555 apples, and placed in comparison with a tree of another 

 variety bearing only 820 apples, serves merely to show that the 

 ratio of codling moth injury to the fruit of a single tree depends 

 largely upon the number of apples borne. The lime had no inju- 

 rious effect whatever upon the foliage. While producing some effect 

 on the curculios, seemingly lessening the damage about one fourth, 

 lime is less efficient in this respect than Paris green. 



(11.) As bands for traps serve only to capture the apple worm 

 after it has done its mischief, and hence only interpose a general 

 protection against future attack, and are moreover liable to be rendered 

 ineffectual by the neglect of one's neighbors, the use of Paris green 

 will serve at least as a valuable addition to remedial measures 

 against the codhng moth. Since it may be safely applied, however, 

 only for the spring brood, it is best to use both bands and insecti- 

 cides, each measure supplying the deficiencies of the other. 



(12.) Attending only to the picked apples, and condensing our 

 statement of results to the last extreme, we may say that, under 

 the most unfavorable circumstances, Paris green will save, to ripen- 

 ing, at a probable expense of ten cents per tree, seven tenths of the 

 apples which must otherwise be conceded to the codling moth ; that 

 London purple will apparently save about one-fifth of them ; and 

 that lime will save none. 



Furthermore, if we must judge from results thus far reached, 

 these various applications are of too slight effect upon the apple 

 and plum curculios to make them v.orthy of use against these in- 

 sects, Paris green diminishing curculio blemishes less than one half, 

 London purple about one fifth, and lime not far from one fourth. 



(13.) Our observations upon the life history of the codling moth 

 merely confirm the statement of previous observers in this latitude 

 to the effect that the insect is double-brooded. It is apparent, how- 

 ever, that the first attack is not made upon the apple until this 

 has reached the size of a small pea. 



For next year I propose, if the conditions are at all favorable, to 

 carry on these experiments on a larger scale, to vary them in such 

 a way as to show the smallest quantity of the poison and the fewest 

 applications that will effect the purpose of protection, and to 

 thoroughly test other remedial measures than those we have studied 

 this year. 



