78 



1883. Forbes. S. A.— Idem. 12th Eep. St. Ent. 111., p. 103, fig. 

 23. Found slightly injurious to oats throughout central 

 and northern Illinois in July and August. One larva 

 doubtless destroys many stalks. Eemedy, — clean culture. 



22. The Spindle Wokm. 



{Achatodes zece, Harr.) 



18i2. Harris, T. W. — Achatodes zea. Eep. Mass. Insects. Origi- 

 nal description; imago, chrysalis, and larva. Destructive 

 to Indian corn, -boring into the young stalks. Pupates in 

 stalk. Moth emerged in August. Feeds also in elder and 

 dahlia. Larva should be sought for and killed. 



1852. GuENEE, A. — Achatodes sandix. Sp. Gen. Lep. V.— Noct. I., 

 132. Description imago. New York. 



1862. Harris, T. W. — Achatodes zece. Insects Injurious to Vegeta- 

 tion, 3d ed., p. 438, pi. vii, fig 9. (See under 1842.) 



1867. Walsh, B. D.— Idem. Pract. Ent. II., 115. Habits of larva 

 contrasted with those of G. nitela. Attacks younger Indian 



CORN. 



1869. Packard, A. S., Jr. — Idem. Guide to the Study of Insects, 

 p. 311. Description of imago and larva. Food plants. 



1875. Snow, F. H.— Idem. Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. IV., 46. Not 

 common as yet in Kansas. Bores into the stalks of Indian 

 CORN and is very destructive in the New England States. 



1878. French, G. H.— Idem. 7th Eep. St. Ent. 111., pp. 100, 222. 

 Specific characters of imago with description of larva. 

 Found throughout northern Illinois. 



23. The Army Worm. 



{Heliophila unipuncta, Haw.) 



1810. Haworth, a. H. — Noctua unipuncta. Lepidoptera Britannica 

 IV., 177. {Teste Eiley.) The original description of imago 

 from one specimen found in the collection of Mr. Fran- 

 cillon. 



1852. Guenee, a. — Leucanea extranea. Sp. Gen. Lep. V. — Noct. I., 

 77. Description of imago. Very common in North Amer- 

 ica, Brazil, Columbia, etc. 



1861. Fitch, Asa. — Leucania unipuncta. '3th Eep. N. Y. Insects, 

 pp. 855, 866. Specific characters of imago. Injuries to 

 Indian corn and grass. Past history and bibliography. 

 Habits and reasons for sudden appearance. Effects of dry 

 and wet seasons. Eemedies and preventives : reclaiming 

 swamps, burning grass lands in fall. Parasite, — Ichneumon 

 leucania, n. s. 



