79 



Fitch, Asa. — Idem. The Cultivator IX., 278. Received speci-^ 

 mens from Illinois, Iowa, and Maryland. . Sketch of re- 

 corded history. 



Fitch, Asa. — The Army Worm Moth. Illinois Farmer VI., 

 •243. Country Gent, and Cultivator, July, 1861. Descrip- 

 tion and identification of species. 



Walsh, B. D. — Leucania unipuncta. Insects Injurious to the 

 Vegetation of Illinois, pp. 17-40. Specific characters of 

 imago and larva. Habits and life history. Breed in timothy 

 and other grass meadows, and migrate to other fields. Al- 

 most invariably destroy Indian corn. Food plants : wheats 

 rye, Indian corn, sorghum, Hungarian grass. Supposes them 

 to be single-brooded, for which opinion he gives several rea- 

 sons. Fiecommends burning tame grass meadows annually 

 in the dead of the year. Four parasites known. Irregu- 

 larity due to this cause. Parasites : Exorista leucanice {Seno- 

 metopia militaris), Mesochorus vitreus, Microgaster militaris,. 

 Chalcis alhifrons. Original descriptions of last three. 



Also in Trans. 111. St. Bd. Agr. IV., 349-372; and Prairie 

 Farmer, July, 1861. 



Thomas, Cyrus. — Idem. Prairie Farmer, October, 1861. Con- 

 troversial article upon the stage in which the insect hiber- 

 nates. Believes they do not hibernate in egg state, and that 

 they are not double-broodad. 



Thomas, Cyrus. — Further from the Army Worm. Prairie Far- 

 mer, 1861. Cited instances of benefit by burning stubble. 

 First appearance in Jackson county, April 29 ; final disap- 

 pearance about June 10. Dates of transformation. 



Walsh, B. D. — The Army Worm. Prairie Farmer, December, 

 1861. Reply to Cyrus Thomas on the subject of hibernation, 

 with breeding notes from Dr. Bartlett, Champaign county, 

 Illinois. 



Thomas, Cyrus. — The Army Worm. Prairie Farmer, 1861. 

 Description of larva. Dates of appearance and transforma- 

 tion. Speculations on its life history. Remedies. Argu- 

 ments in favor of pupal hibernation. 



Thomas, Cyrus. — Idem. Illinois Farmer, 1861, pp. 269-273. 

 Describes larva, pupa, and imago. Extended account of life 

 history. Recommends plowing grass under when worms are 

 small. 



Flint, C. C. — Le/ucania unipuncta, Harris's Insects Injurious 

 to Vegetation, 3d ed., appendix, pp. 627-630. Description of 

 imago, larva, and pupa. Best method of arresting iheir rava- 

 ges ; that commonly practiced is plowing a double fur- 

 row around the field. Worms thus trapped may be destroyed 

 by fire or hogs. Rolling recommended, also hogs, sheep, and 

 fowls. 



Walsh, B. D.— The Army W^orm. Trans. 111. St. Agr. Soc. V., 

 1831-64, pp. 470-483. Figures army worm in its three states, 

 and its primary and secondary parasite : Senometopia milita- 

 ris, Pezomachus minimus, Chalcis alhifrons, Mesochorus vitreus, 



