40 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



West of the town to Cape Spartel, the land consists, with the 

 exception of the sandy coast line, of rich chalk and marl, and has, 

 consequently, a particularly varied flora and fauna ; while to the 

 east, the sand-hills of the coast stretch away inland, only inter- 

 sected by two small streams, along the banks of which a strip of 

 alluvial soil has been deposited. This side is naturally much 

 poorer in the number of species which occur, while in the number 

 of individuals, it is much richer than the clay district. Among 

 the grass on the sand-hills were found thousands of Isocerus 

 ferrugineus, Helops pallidus, Pachychila salzmanni, 2 Tentyria, 

 Trachyscelis, Ammophthorus, Phalerii, more rarely some Erodia, 

 2 Scarites (the Scarites and Pimelia appear to be particularly 

 infested by the thread-worm, for I have often found as many as 

 two on one specimen), 1 Zophosis, 2 Pimelia, 2 Brachycerus, 

 Leiclienum variegatum, and many others. Several varieties of 

 Cicindela Jlexuosa and C. maroccana, were flying about in con- 

 siderable numbers in sheltered places on the 13th January. The 

 blossoming bushes of Genista monosperma furnished Apion 

 cretaceum, Cnerrhinus ludificator,Litargus coloratm, Pria imllidula, 

 Er., and some Cryptophagi, while under stones and the leaves of 

 the aloes, lived Adelostoma, Tagenia, and in separate places 

 several newly described (?) Thylacites. 



More frequently I visited the western district, which I 

 traversed for the most part from the Zocco, that is, a gate by the 

 market-place, in the road leading to Cape Spartel. On this road 

 one first crosses a short sandy tract, which at the time was still 

 used as the town cemetery, and then after some ten minutes 

 walking the chalk soil is reached, and with it the area of a 

 deserted graveyard, and under the numerous scattered gravestones 

 here lying around a very excellent Coleoptera-fauna was concealed. 

 Under the very first stone which I raised was a new blind species 

 of Curculionidse (?), which I afterwards described as Crypharis 

 rohusta ; with it were found on the under side of the stone, 

 Gtenistes harhipalpis, Fairm., and C. integricollis, Fairm., lately 

 suppressed by de Saulcy, as varieties of C. auhei and C. ghilianii, 

 as well as the new Tychus miles and T. armatus, Saulc3\ I also 

 captured here in great numbers, Scydmanus promptus, S. spissi- 

 cornis, S. intrusus, S. conspicnus, Bryaxis ojmntice, Cossyphiis 

 dejeanii and C. pygmceus, Brachinus testaceus, Ramb., Ophonus 

 planicollis, Apotomus rufus, Ditomus gracilis, and a form very 



