270 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



Dr. Staudinger as the type ; but in his ' Sammlung Europaischer 

 Schmet.,' Hllbner twice figures (186, 187) this species under the 

 name of Jiavago, a name previously given by Fabricius to a 

 Xanthia. Hiibner's fig. 186 has " the ground colour of the 

 anterior wings pale yellow, with two pale, double, basal lines, the 

 space between filled in with blackish grey; the stigmata pale, a 

 reddish brown shade passing between them, and extending from 

 the costa to the inner margin ; a double line, outside the reniforra, 

 is followed by a narrow blackish grey band, the outer margin 

 being greyish. Hind wings pure white, without markings." 

 Hiibner's fig. 187 has the " anterior wings of an orange-yellow 

 ground colour, with dark red-brown transverse markings. The 

 hind wings grey, with a broad, dark, marginal shade, followed by 

 a dark transverse line and a dark lunule." Hiibner's fig. 186 

 (with white hind wings) is very unusual, and Guenee seems to 

 have liad doubt whether it represented a variety of ochracea 

 or was distinct, for he writes, " Hiibner figures a jiavago with 

 entirely white inferior wings," and then asks, "Is this a variety?" 

 (' Noctuelles,' vol. v., p. 123). But besides this, there are two 

 other distinct, and probably, if carefully noted, equally common 

 forms ; the first is of a pale ochreous yellow, with comparatively 

 pale transverse markings (the type) ; the second is of a deep 

 golden yellow, with bright purplish -brown or reddish-brown 

 markings. Sepp figures this pale form (I. pi. 3), and Guenee 

 says of it ('Noctuelles,' vol. v., p. 123) : — " Sepp's figure (No. 7) 

 is a work of art. It is represented with folded wings, but the 

 colour is too pale." It would seem, therefore, that Guen6e was 

 unaware that there was a paler form. Mr. G. T. Porritt, in his 

 * List of Yorkshire Lepidoptera,' published in the ' Transactions 

 of the Yorkshire Naturalists' Union,' Part vi., p. 72, writes: — 

 *' Mr. N. F. Dobree writes of this species : ' In all the specimens 

 I have seen from the E. Riding, the size is not more than two- 

 thirds of southern specimens, and the colouring is yellow instead 

 of orange. The difference is so marked that I am surprised that 

 it has not hitherto been noticed in print.' " Mr. Dobree also 

 writes me : — " All the jiavago which I take here in October 

 (when I look for lutosa) are much smaller than the handsome 

 orange specimens, and of a yellow colour which may almost be 

 called a lemon-yellow. Under wings similarly much paler. These 

 I get accidentally at flight or at sugar, the orange always by 



