14 



ARTONA. Rv Dr. K. Jordax. 



westwoodi. fomi, westwoodi \'<>ll. (3a), the wings are distall}- rather strongly blackish and the tail is long. The costa 

 candata. of hinihving bears in distal half one or several short veinlets branching off on anteiior side. — caudata 

 Bnm. (3a) is the form from Askold and the Ussuri-district. Wings less Ijlackish; forewing more rounded; 

 tail shorter; costa of hindwing without veinlets. 



Subfamily: Zygaeninae. 



Poretibia always with spur, which usually extends beyond the tip of the tibia. Tongue present (obsolete 

 in Artona maereu.s according to Staudixckk). The species are universally small, only a few surpassing in size a 

 little our Z. Jilipiiiditlac. The hindwing ver3' often small, and many species have lost the upper radial (vein 6). 

 The species with small hindwing, and especially the forms with vitreous spots, bear a bewildering likeness to the 

 Syntomids, but are easilj- recognized, as nearly all Zygaenids, liy the distinctly developed 1. submedian vein (1 c of 

 Hekrich-Schaeffee), the frons being moreover mostly strongly convex. — The larvae, as far as known, live free 

 on leaves, pupating in a tough, opaque cocoon which is fastened on a rolled-in leaf or at a stalk. Whereas the 

 species of the genus Zi/f/aeiia and the very closely allied exotic genera occur mostly gregariously, the other forms 

 are nearly always met with in single specimens. The oviposition of the ?? of these insects appears therefore to be 

 different. However, the smaller forms, which are not conspicuous either by size or garb, escape easily the observa- 

 tion of collectors in the tropics whose eye is averted by the butterflies, and we receive therefore little information 

 about the habits of these pretty but small and inconspicuous insects. Sometimes, however, the larvae occur in such 

 numbers that they destroy the foliage of whole trees. 



gracilis. 



octo- 



maculata. 



aegerioides. 



superba. 



clathrata. 



funeralis. 



Cyclops. 



18. Genus: Artona Walk. 



Here belong all the species with 2 pairs of spurs to the liindwing, long palpi and long legs, the 

 1. radial of hindwing (vein 6 of Herrich-Schaeffer) being absent. Small differences in the shape of the 

 wings, in neuration and in the structure of the antennae, which have served for the characterisation of a 

 number of genera, are effaced by transitions. 



The narrow-winged species have quite the aspect of Syntomids, some remindinding one also of 

 Aegeriids (usually called Sesiids in Europe), while the broad-winged forms are Lithoda-\\ke. Graesee found 

 octomaculata resting on a flower. 



A. gracilis ir«//i-. (3 c). Body metallic. Antenna of o"^ pectinated, of? simply filiform, being ventrallj- 

 impressed longitudinally. Wings narrow; forewing with several narrow, yellow streaks; hindwing vitreous 

 except margins. — Japan and Gorea, in July. 



A. octomaculata. Like tlie previous. Antenna white before apex. 4 yellow spots on forewing. Two 

 geographical forms. — octomaculata Brcm. (3e) occurs in Amurland; the two external spots are large and 

 not divided. — aegerioides Wulk. (= sesiaeformis Fldr.) (3 c) has smaller and less sharply defined spots, 

 the posterior discal spot moreover being divided by a fuscous vein. Japan, Gorea, North and Gentral China. 



A. superba AIpli. (3c). Body ringed with yellow. Forewing with pale yellow spots: a long streak 

 in front of cell, a spot behind cell, and distally a I'ow of 4 spots. Hindwing deeper yellow, margined with 

 black, 1. submedian black. — Se-chuen, in August. 



A. clathrata Fouj. (3d). Body and wings yellow, the latter bordered with brown. Veins of fore- 

 wing and two oblique transverse lines as well as an irregular transverse line on hindwing brown. Abdomen 

 above ringed with brown. — At Mupin in West Ghina. 



A. funeralis Bth-. (= chinensis Leech) (3d). Brown-black, antenna and body slightly metallic, 

 ufiperside of forewing with an indistinct purpbsh sheen in side-view. Forewing opaque, without markings; 

 hindwing pointed, more or less transparent centrally from base to beyond apex of cell and from the cell- 

 fold to the hindmargin. — Nagasaki, in June; Yokohama; Gensan in Gorea, in Juy; Chang-Yang on the 

 Yang-tse-kiang, in June. 



A. maerens ^tgr. (3d) belongs here most likely, thongh the tongne is absent (according to 

 Staituinger). Dull black, hindwing below somewhat grey. — Raddefka and Wladiwostock, in June; north 

 of Peking, in July. 



A. manza Alph. (3 c). Abdomen yellow. Wings spotted with yellow. Forewing with 3 dots 

 proximally of middle and two externally diverging spots beyond middle. Hindwing with large yellow spot 

 from hindmargin to cell and a small spot in the black marginal band. — Gan-ssu. 



A. Cyclops SUjr. (3d). Blackish olive-brown, frons, palpi, a portion of underside of body, fringes 

 of wings, a spot at tip of cell of forewing and a large, longitudinally divided patch on the hindwing below 

 pale yellow: 2. and 3. radials of hindwing stalked. — Amurland, Gorea, Gentral Giiina. Very close to the 

 Indian qnadnmucidata Moore. 



