2B ZYGAEXA. By Dr. A. Sf.itz. 



distinguislied by the white colhir. The iiaiiie-lypiiMl tnrin, tVom the Riviera and the adjacent (Hstricts of 



Spain, has a black, red-spotted liindwinj?. tlie red sj)()ts on the underside of the forewing beini^: separate. — 



coiisobiina. In tlie form consobrina Gfvin. (6f), from Digne in South France and probablj- also occurring elsewhere, 



the red spots on the undei'side of the forewing are confluent and liic whole basal half of the upperside of 



the hindwing is red. — Larva much variegated, being longitudinally striped with white, grey and brown, 



and bearing rows of yellow dots and a short brown pile; underside red. In winter on Dorycnium; pupating 



in a white ovate cocoon. Pupa yellowish grey, anteriorly black. As in (in/tnipis the moths do not appear 



to be so much confined to definite tlight-places as other Burnets, occurring always more singly. They tly 



in spring, sitting often on stalks of grass, head downwards, and seem to visit flowers less often than do 



other Zvgaenae. 

 rhada- 



manthus. Z. rhadamanthus Esp. (6g). Forewing strongly transparent, glossy grey, with 6 red spots, the 2., 



cingtilata. 3., 4. and 5. being edged with black at the proximal and distal sides. Riviera and Catalonia. — cingulata 



Led. (6h) has a red belt. This is a normal form in Spain, while in Liguria only single individuals of it are 



kiesenwetteri. found among typical specimens. — kiesenwetteri ll.-Srh. (= stoechadis Bohd.) (6h) has quite a dilferent 



aspect on account of the deeji black ground-colour of the forewing and the black hindwing, resend)ling 



liiraiididae or ftforr/iadis, but the black edges of the spots of the forewing are easily visible on the black 



nigarb/ensis. ground. — algarbiensis Christ. (= roederi Sff/r.) (6h), from South Portugal, is similar, hut the 6. spot of 



the foi'ewing is entirely obsolete or only slightly vestigial. — Larva variegated, grey, black, longitudinally 



sti'iped with white and yellow, witli red collar; in April full-grown on Dorycnium. Pupa m a white oval 



cocoon. The moths in spring till ]\lay. tVe(|uently sitting on stalks of grass. 



ctwieri. Z. cuvieri Boittd. ((>h). This large fine Burnet has rosy- red wings, the forewing being divided 



into B ai'eas by two black-grey bands; a broad collar and an abdominal belt rosy. Inhabits Anterior Asia, 



manlia. from Syria through ^lesopotamia to Turkestan. — In manlia L'-<l. (Uh), from Xtn-th Persia, the body has 



an eijually broad rosy red collar and abdominal belt , but the blackish bands separating the red areas of 



the forewing are much broader, the distal area being represented by an irregular half-divided patch. — ab. 



confliiens. confluens Olnith.. discovered in Mesopotamia, has the wings entirely rosy red, only at the costal and inner 



margins of the forewing there remain small black triangles. 



lamara. Z. tamara Cfnist. (7bj. One of the finest Zygaenae. All the wings bright yellow, with a delicate 



rosy tint, the distal margin being black; forewing divided by 2 black transverse bands into 3 areas of 



nihn7. nearly equal size. Antenna exceedingl}' long and strong, the abdomen being broadly belted with red. — 



(Itifinoii. hi rubra Banrz-Haas i. I. (7b) the hinilwing is rosy red instead of yellow, while in the form daemon Christ. 

 (7 b) the fore- and hindwing are red. All 3 forms occur together in Ai'menia, but are found only in 

 limited districts. 



m/tisi. Z. tnitisi />:ii)rz. has a yellow collar, and yellow spots on forewing, which are contluent except the 



distal ]iair, the hindwing being bright yellow with lilack apical area: from the Caucasus. 



cambysea. Z. cambysea Ltd. (6i) is ros>- red like cuvieri, but differs in the bod\- being entirely black, without 



rosacea, red collar and belt: Iran. Turan. — In the form rosacea Rcmi. (6i) the spots of the forewing are so merged 

 together that the wings appear almost evenly carmine. Representing the species in Armenia; but it is not 

 probable thai this insect occurs there alone witliout the first described form. 



htigiienini. Z. huguenini step: (6i) is a large heavy- built Zygaena from the Pamir. Instead of the 3. pair of 



spots the forewing bears a larg patch occupying the whole marginal area; the 1. and 2. pair of spots of 

 the forewing are separated by a black transverse band, the spots of each pair however being united. 



Iiabriliniieri. Z. haberhaueri Led. (Bi). With red collar, but without red licit. On forewing obliquely from 



cosia to anal angle an evenly wide greyish black band separating a triangular marginal patch from the red 

 area of the wing, this area moreover being costally incised at the basal third or divided by a slight band. 

 In Armenia, apparently in localities where for a long while past no collections have been made. 



sedi. Z. sedi /•'. (6k). In this insect the spots of each pair are merged together to large fight red 



])atches, these being separated from each other only by tliiu lines of the transparent ground-colour. 

 ■Abdomen without belt. Coasts of the Black Sea. 



cacuminiim. Z. cacuminum Chrinf. (6k). This species reminds one in pattern of the carnioliea-grovi]), the 6. spot 



of the forewing being parallel to the distal margin. But the colour of all the spots of the forewing as well 

 as of the hindwing is a dull purple, as it hardly occurs again in the whole genus. From Iran. 



laeta. Z. laeta Jfbn. (cf 6k, ? 7a). Collar and j)atagia as well as the entire abdomen (except base) red: 



also the wings testaceous red except soine lilack s])ots on the forewing. From the Tyrol through Austria- 



mniitierhfimi. Hungary and the Danubian countries to Turkey and South Russia. — In mannerheimi Chard. (7a) the 



