6 AGLAOPE; PROCKIS. By Dr. K. ,]i.rdan. 



even in the venation of the winf::s, the sexes being in some genera so diilferent that cf und ? were placed in different 

 genera until quite recentlj'. The subfamily is most abundantly developed in the lndo-!Malayan Subregion. Many of 

 the genera occurring there extend northwards into the Palaearctic Region. In habits the C/nilconiinae agree closely 

 with the Zygaenae. The larger, broad-winged s])ecies have mostly a still heavier flight. Some dark-coloured forms 

 frequently Vest on the stems of trees. The bizarre pattern of many species renders it probable that we have here 

 to do with an imitation of spotted blossoms The forms which are copied by Geometrids, Arctiids and other Heter- 

 ocera, are generally much rarer than the mimics. This may partly be due to the Chalcosiinae taking less easily 

 to the wing and therefore escaping the eye and net of the collector. The paucity of specimens of Chalcosiinae as 

 compared with the frequency of Geomctridae mimicking them, for instance in New Guinea collections, is verj' 

 striking. However, the forms resembling Euploea and Dauais are generally very common, as are also the fulguri- 

 diform species. — The- short thick caterinllar bears narrow, prominent, setiferous warts on all somites, e.xcept the 

 small head. The ])U])a lies in a usually dense cocoon which is fastened on the upperside of a leaf that is more 

 or less rolled in ; at emergence of the imago the anterior third of the pupa protudes from the cocoon. 



4, (ieiius: Aglaope Latr. 



Tongue absent. Palpus small, i)ut distinct. Antennae pectinate in both sexes, pectinations sparsely 

 scaled, short in ?. Foretibia without spur; mid- and hindtibiae with an apical pair of short spurs. The 

 1. subcostal of forewing not far distant from the 2., the 3. — 5. stalked together, the 3. branching off close 

 to cell. Costal vein of hindwing anastomosed with cell beyond middle of the latter for a short distance. 

 Anal segment of ? prolonged to form an ovipositor. — Caterpillar with small setiferous warts ; a brown 

 dorsal line accompanied each side Ijy a yellow line; sides striped with white. Pupa in a rather strong, 

 somewl'.at elongate cocoon. 



infausta. A. infausta L. (lb). Transparent black-brown; collar, a short streak at the base of forewing and 



the hindwing from cell to abdominal margin red. Distributed from the Rhenish Palatinate to South Spain 

 and Italy, but not found everywhere, in Germany only in a few localities; flies in July in the sunshine about 

 hawthorn and blackthorn. — Caterpillars on these plants and on Amygdalis, doubtless also on other Rosa- 

 ceae; sometimes in such numbers that they become injurious. 



5. Genus: Procris F., Foresters. 



Antenna of cT long-pectinated, in ? feebly dentate and below longitudinally flattened or impressed. 

 Tongue always very distinct. Veins all from the cell (of course, the costal and submedian veins excepted), 

 rarely two of the subcostals of forewing stalked together. Anal-segment of ? not modified into a long ovi- 

 positor. The species are very uniform in coloration. They are all black-brown or smoky, and are more 

 or less densely clothed with metallic green scales, which assume often a blue or coppery tint. The metallic 

 gloss is almost completely absent from a very few species. In consequence of the great uniformity in aspect 

 and the rather considerable variability of the species in size and colour the forms of Procrig are very diffic- 

 ult to recognize, unless the structure of the genitaha is taken into consideration. The statements in Hterat- 

 ure about the distribution of the various species are mostl)' quite unreUable. 



They are, like all Zygaenids, clumsy fliers, which sit sluggishly on flowers; the ??, which are fre- 

 quently much smaller than the cfcf, fly rarely, while the cfd" swarm freely in the sunshine on warm days, 

 having a slow straight flight. A number of species are verj' common, but are often found only at certain 

 restricted stations. Dry downs are the principal localities, especially on chalky soil, where the insects are 

 found sitting on the blossoms of Compositae, Dipsaceae, Poterium, Lychnis and other plants. 



The caterpillar bears in the first stage single bristles placed on tubercles, while the later stages 

 have broad, flat, densely hairy warts. The young caterpiUar mines the leaves of the food-plant, the later 

 stages living free, at least of most species. Pupa in a loose cocoon, fastened on the food-plant or lying on 

 or underneath the surface of the ground. 



According to the form of the antennae the species can be arranged into three groups, which, how- 

 ever, are not sharply separated. 



The species with distinctly obtuse antennae (sfafices and allies) are connected by amaura and allies 

 with the species which have distinctly pointed antennae {globulariae, chloros, etc.). The third group contains 

 the species with clubbed antennae; for this last group Hampsox has proposed the name Zijgaenoprocris. 



Proem is purely Palaearctic; the genus has its nearest relatives in Australia. 



A. Species with pointed antennae. 



ampelo- P. ampelophaga Bayle (= vitis Freyer) (1 c) is a species with long antenna; in contrast to the 



phaga. other species of I'rocris the 3. and 4. subcostals are stalked in nearly all specimens, not the 4. and 5. 



Shaft of antenna blue; thorax greenish blue; upperside of abdomen green; underside of the body only 



