CELAMA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 47 



M. flexilineata Hamps. The only species occurring in tlio Palearctic region, wliich is unknown to flexilineata. 

 me in Nature, is described as grey sprinkled with brown dots, with raised scales near the base, in the 

 middle and at the end of the cell; the basal portion is tinged with a brownish shade; the line^ which 

 hounds it is black and l)ent at the cell, below it and at the siibmedian; traces of a parallel line are 

 indicated on its inner side. The line bounding the outer portion begins at the centre of the costa, and 

 continues in the shape of a curve which is proximally concave. 



5. Genus: Celaiiia Wdk. 

 GO species are known of this genus, which is distributed over all five continents. The insects 

 are generally quite small grey moths, with a compaiatively strong body and broad wings. Tongue well 

 developed, palpi porreet, projecting for the length of the head. Spurs of the tibiae well developed. The 

 antennae of the ,5 may lie either pectinate (Subgenus DeJtapterum Hamps. and Celama s. dr.), or ciliate 

 (Subgenus Epizmctis Mcijr. and Arailnipha Walk.). The larvae of only very few species are known; they 

 resemble those of LHhosia and some of them like these feed on lichens. Pupa in a cocoon made of tho 

 leaves of trees, ami sometimes also covered with lichens. The moths are on the wing in July, and rest 

 on boards and trunks of trees covered with lichens, their wings being folded flat in roof-shape. Many species 

 appear to be very rare. 



C. cicatricalis Tr. (10 e). Ashy grey, forewing thickly dusted with brown, with three patches of eicalricalis. 

 raised scales, near the base, in the middle and at end of the cell. A number of curved hnes, sometunes 

 reduced to rows of spots, run from the costa to the inner margin. Sometimes all the markings are inter- 

 rupted by the dark irroration, and the wings then have a checkered appearance, as if they had been 

 sprinkled with fine pepper. Spuler names specimens with smoke-grey wings ab. infumatalis. Central infumatalis. 

 Europe and Central and Eastern Asia, specimens exactly like European ones being found as far east as 

 Chabarovsk and Yladivostock (Staudinger) ; in Europe southward to Southern France and Central 

 Italy. Larva similar to that of Lith. deplana, in June and the summer on lichens on oaks and beeches. 

 The moths from hibernating pupae in the spring (Pungeler, Griebel), and again in July and August 

 (Spuler) on^he trunks of beeches, not rare locally. 



C. ancltlitalis H.-ScMff. (= tuberculalis Mann) (10 e). Very similar to the preceding species, but ancipitalis. 

 more robust, the thorax broader, with black centre, the abdomen ringed with dark brown. The forewing 

 broader, with longer outer margin, more even grey colouring, the markings thinner and more complex, 

 the lines which in cicatricalis are simple being mostly doubled or even trebled in consequenc of the appear- 

 ance of dark and Hght borders. The spots of raised scales as in the allied species. From Croatia and 

 Dalmatia, appears to be rare. 



C. confusalis H.-Schdff. (--= cristulalis Dup.). Tntermediate between the two preceding in size and confusalis. 

 colouring, but the markings coarser, the lines more distinct, especially that which separates the margnial 

 and central portions. This hue starts with a dark costal spot before the costal spot of raised scales, 

 runs around the apex of the cell in a large curve, is angulate at the lower radial branch, and at the 

 submedian once more forms a shallow curve towards the margin. Several small hnear teeth project from 

 it basad. Hindwing with very long and extremely fine whitish fringes. Distributed over the whole of 

 North and Central Europe as well as over the northern part of Asia; from Scandinavia and Finland 

 southward to Northern Italy, and from Belgium and France eastward to Amurland, North China and 

 Japan; also in Northern India. — Larva green or brownish with light dorsal stripe and small yellow 

 warts bearing dark hairs; on segment 6 a brown transverse spot; in the autumn on bushes of oak. Pupa 

 in a cocoon ornamented with bits of leaves, between leaves; moths in April and May, on tree-trunks and 

 boards, not rare. 



C. centonalis Him. (? = aerugula Him.) (10 f). Very variable, usually recognisable by the lighter centonaiis. 

 marginal portion contrasting with the checkered grey median area. Slightly smaller than the preceding, 

 the forewing more pointed, the hindwing shorter; the first transverse line bent at the median, the posterior 

 one finely and irregularly dentate. Hindwing wdth a lighter marginal area, w hich is straight at the margin- 

 al side. Throughout Europe and Northern Asia, from Finland and Livonia to Corsica and Spain, and 

 from England and France to the Amur, China and Japan, where it occurs on the Main Island and Hok- 

 kaido. — atomosa Bre7n. (10 f), which is the usual form in Eastern Asia, also occurs in Europe as an aber- atomosa. 

 ration, near Aachen (Pungeler) and at the Riviera. It is almost quite white. — In al). candidalis candidalis. 

 Stgr. the median area of the forewing is more unicolourous. — turanica Stgr. is smaller and the forewing turanica. 

 of the (J has scarcely a vestige of brown; Ferghana. — The form impudica Chrid. is perhaps also to be impudica. 

 placed here. — Larva flesh-coloured, covered with dark yellow-brown hairs, with yellow dorsal stripe 

 edged with dark, and running through a row of dark V-shaped markings; very fine lateral stripe and 

 black-brown head; on species of clover and other herbs, also on birches (Bering). More often on sandy 

 ground; moth in June and Jul\\ 



