PHILEA; CYBOSIA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 59 



without naniin<; it, tin' markings of tlu' forewin;,' arr obsolete. From Kashmir over Tilx-t to tho Eastern 

 Himalayas, from where tho species was originally described. 



A. dasara Moore ( $ = chromatica Swlnh.) (11 h). Considerably .smaller than the preceding, pale dasam. 

 yelliiw, the forewing of the J with distinct transverse lines before and behind the centre, which approach 

 each other or merge together below the cell; hindwing also light yellow, slightly paler. In the $ the 

 transverse bands loss distinct, but a dot in the apex of the cell of the forewing, which is usually obsolete 

 in the (J, is more prominent. This spot is also very distinct in a ^ which I caught near Hillgrow in the 

 Nilgliiris. Distributed from Kashmir over India to the Malay Archipelago, and locally not rare. 



18. Genu.s: Pliilea Z. 



This genus has often been united with the following genera Ci/bosia and Endrosa, but the insects 

 belonging to it are very delicate as compared with the robust Endrosa. They inhabit generally grassy 

 embankments and alpine meadows, but are not confined to the mountains as are the Endrosa. When 

 caught they obstinately feign death, and the 9? sometimes do not fly away even when thrown into the 

 air. The wings then hang down with tho undersides touching one another. Tho sexes differ greatly in 

 size. Frons fairly broad, palpi short, porrect, tongue absent, eyes large, antenna of (^ serrate. Thorax and 

 frons smoothly scaled, legs thin, tibiae with moderately long spurs; abdomen with dense, snioth, slightly 

 metallic scaling, not pilose as in Endrosa; wings sparsely covered with very thin scales, hindwing with 

 black disc below. Larvae with fairly long black hairs, dark brown with light rows of spots, on lichens 

 on stones; pupa dark reddish brown, in a thin cocoon. Only one very widely distributed species. 



P. irrorella CI. (= flavonigropunctata Betz., irrorea Schiff., irrorata Godt.) (11 i). Light yellow, irrordla. 

 3 transverse lines of minute black dots traverse the forewing, hindwing mostly with only one dot in the 

 apex. Beneath, the forewing is glossy sootj' grey with the exception of a rather irregular yellow outer 

 margin. Distributed throughout Europe with the exception of the extreme North and South, and from England and 

 Western France throughout Northern Asia to the Pacific Ocean. Among typical specimens there are found various 

 aberrations, 0. g. ab. signata Borklt., in which the middle rows of spots are united by streaks; ab. futnosa ■'*!/"^^''- 

 Sandb., with strongly brownish ground-colour, described from tho North, but also found in Germany. — 

 The species also varies strongly geographically: flavicans Bdr., from the Mediterranean and Anterior Asia, flavicans. 

 has brighter deep yellow wings and the apex of the abdomen yellow. — nickerli Bebel (= signata Z.) nicknii. 

 is paler yellow, the forewing slightly dulled with the exception of the clearer yellow inner margin; from 

 the Alps and Northern Europe. This form is often found in collections as freyeri. — True freyeri Nick, freijcri. 

 (11 i) is, however, according to Rebel, the much smaller insect from the highest Alps, in which the 

 dots of the central rows sometimes merge together. The black basal spot of the forewing mentioned by 

 8TAriiiN(;ER-EEBEL is unessential, and the pale yellow colour is found in nickerli as well as frei/eri. — 

 andereggi H.-Schdff. (11 i) has the veins of the forewing dark, appearing like rays; from the high Alps, andcreggi. 

 and in the higher North. — riffelensis Fell. (11 i, k) is considerably smaller, the ground-colour slightly riffelensis. 

 dulled, the black vein-streaks more numerous, especially the costa and median veins strongly sooty black. 

 In the high Alps, especially abundant above Zermatt; can be obtained by beating the juniper-bushes 

 around the hotels at Eiffolalp. — lata Christ., larger, with broader wings, paler, with very few markings lata. 

 hindwing often quite without markings: from Russia over North Siberia to Kamtschatka. — insignata Sigr., insignata. 

 quite similar to the preceding, but with narrower wings; forewing also with very few dots, and hindwing 

 without any; East Siberia. — • Larva black-brown, reddish grey laterally, with black hairs intermixed with 

 reddish brown ones placed on small glossy black warts. Dorsally a row of bright yellow spots, often 

 contiguous, subdorsally dull yellow ones, and yellow spots laterally. On lichens of stones, until June. 

 Pupa blackish brown. Moth in July and August, in grassy spots, resting closely appressed to a stalk or 

 branch, with tho wings strongly slanting in roof-shape. When disturbed they either drop down into the 

 grass, or only fly a few yards. Common in suitable localities wherever they occur; the $$ must be 

 searched for more diligently, as they fly less, but they are also not rare. 



19. Genus: Cybosia Hbn. 



This genus also contains onh' one known species. Slender hke Philea, but with larger and broader 

 wings, especially the hindwing being considerably broader. Tongue present, but reduced. Palpi and eyes as 

 in the preceding genus, but the antenna setiform; the frons with slightly rough hairs, not so smoothly 

 scaled. The $$ not so much smaller than the ^J^. Larva stout, black-ln'own, more densely hairy, but 

 not so brightly spotted as that of Philea; on lichens and especially on Hepatics. 



C. mesomella L. (= eborea Esp., eborina Hbn.) (11 k). Forewing pale ivory yellow. A dark dot mcsomclla. 

 below the costa, and another above the inner margin. Hindwing grey, fringes yellow. North and Central 

 Europe, excepting the extreme North, also in Anterior Asia and Siberia. Larva dark grey with deep black head and 

 nuchal plate; hairs blackish. Until May on lichens on the ground, especially Jungermanniaceae. Pupa 

 black, in a cocoon covered with lichens. Moth in June and July, not rare, but occurring more singly 

 than the preceding species. 



