OENISTIS; APISTOSIA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 6:5 



with a metallic gloss. Abdonion of the cJ(J slender, clothed with rough hair. Forewing more triangular, 

 not so elongate as in Liihosia, t\w hindwing also not so long as in the following genus. Sexes similar. 

 Three species, one of them Palearctic. 



P. staudingeri Alph. (^l'2d). Sooty grey-brown with sulphur-yellow collar; forewing and thorax slaiulimjcri. 

 darker than the hindwing and abdomen; both wings with dark voins. Sze-chuen. 



24. Genus: Oeui^tis Hhn. 



Formerly quadra was placed in (hiophria together with nihricollis, but stands now wideh' separated 

 from it. Hampson unites it with only one other species, subcosteola, in his genus Lithosia, so that all 

 the long-winged species hitherto known as Lithosia, have to be removed from that genus, as they are not 

 related to quadra. But as the genus contains numerous species and hence is very characteristic of the 

 subfamily, we prefer to retain Fabricius's name Lithosia for it, and therefore follow Staudinger-Rebfj. 

 (t'at. Pal. Lep. p. 377) in removing quadra from it. 



Head moderately large, frons slightly convex, not narrowed bidow. Eyes fairly large; palpi short, 

 erect; tongue stong; antennae setiform, not more than half the length of forewing. Thorax stout, smoothly 

 hairy. Abdomen smooth, a tuft of hair dorsally on segments 2 and 3. Legs with metallic blue scales; 

 tibiae with short stout spurs. Forewing very elongated, broad at tlu' base; hindwing very long with faii'ly 

 pointed apex. Sexes dissimilar. Larvae with longitudinal stripes, thinly covered with strong hairs; by day 

 they rest full length in the crevices of tree-trunks, and live on lichens, hut when these are scarce also 

 feed on leaves of trees or even needles. The pupa is stout, very smooth, as if polished, in a very loose 

 cocoon in crevices of bark. The moths appear after 3 or 4 weeks; they are very abundant in some years 

 and then again very scarce for a long time. 



One often sees the moths flying by day; they have normally only one brood. 



0. quadra L. (12 d). The ,^ of the Large Footman is much smaller than the 9. brown-grey with quadra. 

 a leaden gloss, thorax and base of wings golden yellow, costa metallic blue-green at the base. The $ yellow, 

 the forewing with a black-blue spot behind the centre of the costa and above the inner margin. — The 

 Japaneses form, dives Butl, is said to have darker (J(J; but the comparison of a large number of speci- dives. 

 mens proves that this difference is not constant; the (J figured on plate 12 d is an authentic Japanese 

 specimen which I myself caught near Yokohama, specimens similar in all details occurring in Europe. 

 The European specimens vary considerably, the $? with regard to the size and the (J(^ in the colouring. 

 In exceptional cases one of the dots (ah. wnipunda SpuL) or both (ab. impunctaia Spul.) may be absent 

 in the $, or replaced by a transverse band (ab. fasciata SpuL, confluens Dumont). The area of distribution 

 extends over almost the whole of Europe and Northern Asia, from Scandinavia and Livonia to the Medi- 

 terranean, and from the Atlantic coasts to Amurland, t'orea and Japan. A specimen from Sikkim which 

 Hampson mentions is exactly similar to the $ of quadra, except for an anomaly in venation; otherwise 

 0. quadra is to be regarded as an exclusively Palearctic species. — Larva slate-grey, with thin longitudinal 

 lines, a transverse black spot each across the back anteriorly, in the centre and behind, and subdorsally 

 there are longitudinal rows of small reddish yellow warts; until June of lichens on trees, walls and 

 stones. When the species becomes over-abundant a scarcely of food results; the larvae then attack the 

 leaves and needles of trees, and may become injurious. Pupa black, with a porcelain-gloss, stumpy and 

 immobile. The moth appears in July or August; in the south of the area there is occasionally a second 

 brood. 



0. nigricosta Leech (nee Hampson) (12 f). We here unite in tlu^ same genus with quadra a species nigricosla. 

 which is treated by Hampson as a separate genus {Conilepia) and really stands rather isolated. Half the size of a 

 $ of quadra, forewing with dark costa hut withf)ut the black dots of quadra-^. The type, a ^, is said to 

 have come from Japan. 



25. Genus: Apistosia Hbn. 



This genus consists of 6 species, of which the 5 Exotics, mostly American species, differ con- 

 siderably from the preceding genus, while the only Palearctic form, which touches our area in West China, 

 is very closely alhed to 0. quadra. Head broad, frons broad, separating the moderately large eyes. 

 Tongue developed. Palpi upturned, reaching nearly to the vertex. Antenna uni- or bipectinate, Thorax 

 very smoothly scaled, abdomen laterally with hairy warts. A few foreign species have the remarkable 

 habit of resting with the hindwings projecting posteriorly beyond the forewings. 



A. subnigra Leech (12 6). Similar to a small $ of <>. quadra, yellow with 2 dots on the forewing, subnigra. 

 which is relativelv broader. From Wa-shan in Western China. 



