06 LITHOSIA. By Dr. A. SniT/. 



trees. Pupa glossy reddish brown, in a cocoon of moss or lichen. The moths in July and August, often 

 common in Central Europe and in Amurland, on tree-trunks and the branches of suckers. 



bipuneta. L. bipuncfa ///'*;. (= colon Mosc/tZ.) (12 h). Similar to griseola in size and colouring, in the colour 



of the forewing resembling especially flaca, but before the costa and above the inner margin there is a 

 l)lack dot as in the $ of quadra. A few specimens caught in South-Euroj)e (Italy. Spain). Otherwise in 

 Ethiopian Africa (Cape Colony, Natal), perhaps also in India. 



japonica. L. japonica Leech (1"2 h). ]\Iucli .-^mailer than (/riscula. but similar, (iiiiy mure brightly coloun-d: 



forewing more stiongly rounded. Japan. 



musculo. L. muscula Styr. (1'2 h). Still smaller than tiie preceding, almost like a dull-coloured sororcuJa, tiie 



costal stripe light yellow, but not contrasting greatly with the light greyish yellow ground-colour. Tlie 

 forewing below is dark grey with narrow light yellowish brown costal marginal stripe, and broader greyish 

 yellow outer marginal area; the hindwing beneath light yellowish or whitish grey, daiker at the costal 

 margin. Somewhat variable specimens from IJeirut, the Tauius and tlic i.ebanon. 



coreana. L. coreana Leech (= arideola Fixs.) (12 h). 'i'liis form is closely allied to the preceding, but is al- 



r-eady a transition from it to hirideola, of whicdi it might be a small form. Head, neck and shoulders and 

 the costal stripe of the dirty grej'-brown forewing bright yellow, Hindwing light yellow, more or less 

 suffused with brownish. From Anmrland. North China. Ja]>an. and Corea. 

 nrideola. L. lurideolaZ(/(c/;. (= coniplanula Btic, plumbeola H.-.Sc/ff'///.) (12 i). ]<'orewing broadened towards tln' 



outer margin, bright glos.sj' lead-grey with broad, regular, light yellow costal band, somewhat dulled at 

 the ape.K, and pure yellow fringes; hindwing, head and neck and anal tuft of J ivory yellow. Beneath, 

 the forewing is only suffused with sooty grey at the base and on the disc, so that a liroad outer border 

 is pale yellow. Hindwing pale yellow with a sliglitly dark costal margin. Throughout Europe with the 

 exception of the extreme North and South, also in Asia Minor, up to 10 000 feet in the Alps. --Larva 

 dark lilue-grey with black dorsal line and black head, bearing black and yellow hairs; subdorsal lines 

 black, stigma-line orange. On lichens of trees, hibernating, until the end of May. Pupa reddish lirown. 

 glossy. Moth from June to August. According to Schmidt the larvae prefer the trunks of beeches and 

 oaks, but I most often beat the moths out of the lower branches of high, solitary larches in the Alpint' 

 valleys; locally veiy common, especially in the mountains. 

 dehiHs. L. debilis Sigr. (12 i). Head, neck, shoulders and anal tuft bright yellow, thorax and abdomen 



blackish. Forewing dark iron-gre}-, with the costal and outer margins pale yellow; hindwing pale ivory, 

 darker at the costal margin. Fiom Irkutsk. 



mowsina. L. itiorosina //.-.SV/kV//. (= costalis Z.) (12 i). At once recognised by the thin scaling of the semidia 



]ihanous hindwing. Forewing very narrow, linear, with very pointed apex and inner angle, earth-grey Mitli 

 only slightly contrasting bright yellow costal margin, and a thin yellow line at the inner margin. Hindwing 

 transparent light ivory. Asia ilinor. 



complana. L. complana L. (= complanata Cos/.) (12 i, k). Very like the preceding, hut the forewing not so 



elongate, and the angles not so accentuated, the costal streak broader and brighter yellow, the hindwing 

 duller, not so transparent; the apex of the abdomen brighter yellow. On the underside the disc is very 

 inominenth' blackish iron-grey, and contrasts vividly with the orange-yellow costa and the broad pale 

 yellow marginal area. Hindwing beneath pale yellow, the costa deeper yellow; below costa a grey streak 

 from the base. Throughout Europe with the exception of the Arctic region, and in Anterior Asia, south- 

 ward to the Mediterranean and Asia Minor, and eastward to Turkestan. — Lar\a blackish dorsally, with 

 narrow lighter lines; subdorsal lines composed of small reddish yellow and white spots; lateral line inter- 

 rupted, reddish yellow. Until June, on lichens; also attacks the foliage of fruit-trees. The moths in July 

 and August, in open places in woods and nurseries. 

 likaria. L. vikaria IFa/fc. {— antica. Walk., natara Moore, sarawaka Bu/Z., imitans Ma!*.). Very like the preced- 



ing, both wings somewhat broader and shorter; the yellow costal stripe often disappears beyond the centre 

 of the costa in the lead-grey ground-colour; otherwise very variable. A moth of tropical countries, not 

 rare in India, on the Malay Islands and in Africa. One specimen is said to have come hmn the Amur, 

 but this may be due to an error in labelling, as collections made in Amurland are often augmented by 

 the tiavoller during his stay at Hongkong, where vikaria is not rare. 

 sericca. L. sericea Gregrson (= molybdeolaGwcn.) (12 k). Cjrey, head and shoulders, end of abdomen, costa of 



forewing and tips of fringes yellow. Strongly resembling deplana in facies, but smaller and more delicate, 

 forewing narrower with straighter outer margin, costal stripe of forewing paler and yellow, sharply defined 

 and of equal width to the apex; hindwing not uniformly grey, but lighter at the base and darker at the 

 apex, the whole ground-colour more iron- than brown-grey. Confined to Great Britain: Cheshire and Lanca- 

 shire. — Larva blackish grey with short brown hair and black dorsal line; subdorsal line interrupted, 

 orange-red, spotted with white; lateral line black, stigma-line rusty yellow edged with black: head black 

 (Mevrk'k). Until Juno on lichens, dead leaves, etc. The moth in July, singly and local. 



