70 GNOPHRIA. By Dr. A. Settz. 



Hfiid with Iji'oad frons, sei)arating the semiglohidar eyfs. Pali)i quite sliort : antennae of q senate 

 or ciliate. Tibiae with moderately long spurs. Forewing resembling that of LiOwsiu in shape, with curved 

 costal and slightly convex distal margins. Hindwing broad with very regularly rounded margin with long 

 fringes. Egg globular. Larva only known of one species; it is stout with small head; dorsally rows of 

 hairv warts: it feeds on lichens. The moths are found on damp meadows. 



muscerda. ?• muscetdai Hufn. (= perlella i*'., cinerina Bs/)., pudorina E.sp., (13 d). Dull slate-grey, with a gloss 



like lead-sulphide, forewing white along the costa. A number of black dots are placed across the disc, varying 

 stionglv in number and size. Apex of forewing very pointed. North and Central Europe, in bog districts 

 and on damp meadows, locally also found in Southern Europe; occurs also in North and East Asia, 

 in China and Japan. — The egg, according to Aukivillius, yellow, reticulate. Larva black-brown, 

 variegated with reddish grey, and clothed with ])lackish hairs. Dorsal and subdorsal lines black; lateral 

 line greyish red, interupted; nuchal shield and anal tergite deep red, interrupted by the dorsal line. On 

 lichens and withering leaves, until June. Moth in July and August, on boggy meadows, sporadical and 

 only locally more abundant; seems to be absent from large districts. 



oblusu. P. obtusa. H.-Schfiff. (13 d). Recognisable by the obtuse apex of the forewing; the latter altogether 



broader, more uniformly brownish giw, usually without distinct discal dots, and never with the light 

 silverv white costal stripe which fresh muscerda always bear, lieing however often indistinct in old and 

 sul!<ch<uui . in worn specimens. Quite sporadical, in North Germany, in Italy, and as sutschana Stgr. in Amurland. 

 The eastern form is darker, and has sharper black streaks on the forewing. Seems only to occur quite 

 singly. Nothing is known of the early stages, except that the pupa is said to have been found in Mecklen- 

 burg in a reed. 



noclia. ?. nocixi Bull. (= obtrita .S7(yr.) (13 e). Size and shape of the preceding, with which this form is 



united by Hampson. The colouring is essentially darker, deep earth-brown and very glossy; the black 

 discal marks which are often indistinct in obtusa are united to form a line, which is excurved and tra- 

 verses the centre of the forewing. In East Asia, in Japan and Amurland, in July, rare; was caught at 

 the lamp. 

 inigusta. P. angusta ."^Vj/r. (13 e). Scarcely half as large as the i)rcceding. perhaps only a small local or 



seasonal form. Erom Amurland and Corea. 



ramusola. P- raniusola .S'/r//-. (= ramulosa H«w;).s.) (13 e). The largest species of the genus, if it really belongs 



to it. Forewing dull straw-colour, with darker inner margin, light yellowish grey in the 9^ without mark- 

 ings, only tho veins distinct. Li Amurland, near Madivostock, Chabaro\sk, and at the Ussuri, not com- 

 mon, in July. 



albicoda. P- albicosta Hamps. ^ grey brown or dark brown; vertex, legs, apex of abdomen, and ventei' ocli- 



reous-wintish. Forewing with narrow ochreous-white costal band; fringes of both wings ochreous-vvhite. 

 20 to 26 mm. Japan. 



?)0. Genus: Oiiophria stcjih. 



In his great work ll.wii'sux unites the only i'alearctic species of this genus with the very 

 different iniifusciu, only known from Sumbava, to form the genus Atolmis. which he. placed among the 

 ArdUnae. We leave it at the end of the LUhosiinae, where it forms a kind of transition to the hetero- 

 geneous group Micrardiinae, which latter have some characteristica in couimdii with the ArdUnae and 

 Lithosiinae and others in which they differ from these subfanulies. 



Head small, frons less liroad than in the other LithosUnac, eyes large, semiglobular, prominent, 

 pali)i short, scarcely reaching the middle of the frons: tongue stout, strong: thorax round; legs strong; 

 abdomen slender, with very brightly coloured end-segment; wings of the same shape as in Lithosia, only 

 the hindwing shorter in comparison with the forewing. I'he latter with a so-called areole, which often 

 occurs in the Arctiids. We only jilace one species, ruhricoUis, in (liiiipliria, and do not include the few 

 American forms which Kirby placed here with a? 



rubricollis. G. fubricoUis L. (13 e). Deep dark brown. I'resii specimens almost black; collar orange-red, end of 



abdomen golden yellow. North and Central Europe, southward to the Mediterranean, and in Sicily; also 

 throughout Siberia to Amurland (near Pokrofka); not yet found in Japan. Xeuburger names 



llavicullis. Roumanian specimens flavicollis; they are less dark brown and with light yellow instead of red collar. — 

 Larva grey, thinly sprinkled with greenish ycdlow, and with a narrow white dorsal line edged Avith grey, 

 and dorsally rows" of small reddish yellow warts bearing black hairs. Head dark brown, with two whitish 

 curved lines. In autumn on lichens, especially those of old firs. Pupa glossy brownish red, in a loose 

 cocoon. The moth in May and June, locally abundant, but not every year. Sometimes they suck at 

 Scabious in the sunshine, but usually rest in day-time on the long branches of firs overhanging the paths 

 in the woods, where they may l)e ol)tain('(l by beating. They do not, however, fall down to the ground 



