TEICHOSOMA; PHRAGMATOBIA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 79 



yellow 01 reddish dorsal line and short brownish oblique stripes laterally. The blackish grey warts have 

 a bluish sheen, and those above the feet bear rusty yellow hairs (Ochsenheimer). Until May and again 

 in July on Galium, pupating in crevices in the ground or under stones. Pupa blackish, with a blue 

 bloom. Moth in June and August, in the South common in many localities, in the North no longer 

 founc' in many of its former flight-places. The larvae are best sought in the noonday heai, as they then 

 leave their hot hiding-jilaces to crawl up the stalks of grass and weeds. 



C. gruneri Stgr. (16 a). The original specimen of tliis form described from the Altai is in the gnmeri. 

 Museum at Dresden. Nothing further is known to us about this species; we therefore give a figure of the 

 specimen, which is closely allied to the forms of maculosa. 



42. Genus: Tricliosoma Oherth. 



This genus only consists of one species found in West Algeria, only the ^^ being known. The 

 species is placed by Hampson in the large genus Maenas, together with American and Indian forms. 

 It is undeniably allied to Cletis, and also to Ocnogyna (0. fudens, leprieuri) and may be considered a 

 transition towards Phragmatobia, where Staudinger and Rebel place it; it is distinguished from 

 Phragmatobia by the strongly pectinate antennae, in which it resembles Cletis. 



T. breveti (Jbertli. (16b). Forewing bright yellowish brown with transverse rows of black spots; breveti. 

 hind wing pale carmine with black outer margin and discal spot. In Western Algeria: Sebdou, Tlemcen; 

 found in October. 



43. Genus: Plirag-iiiatobia Ste'ph. 



As now restricted this genus only consists of 9 forms, and is characterised by the small head, 

 simple antennae and thinly scaled wings. Abdomen of $ very stout, brightly coloured, that of the J' 

 very much shorter, with woolly hair. The tibiae, especially the foretibia, are thickened, hindtibia with 

 2 pairs of spurs. Tongue absent; the short porrect palpi entirely hidden in the woolly covering of the head. 



P. fuliginosa. The ruby tiger has the thorax and forewing dark reddish brown with a blackish 

 comma-shaped spot at the apex of the cell, edged with carmine. Hindwing carmine, more or less hyaline 

 in the costal area, with more or less confluent black spots before the margin and at the apex of the cell. 

 Throughout Europe and North Asia and parts of North Africa, from the Atlantic Ocean to Japan, and 

 from Lapland to Morocco, and again in closely related forms in North America. The name-typical form 

 fuliginosa L. (16 b) has the forewing rather densely scaled and the hindwing bright rose-red with distinct fuliginosa. 

 black spots. Underside strongly suffused with purple-pink. Central and West Europe to Anterior Asia. — 

 In North Europe occurs borealis Stgr. (16 b), which has vivid black markings and in which the red is borealis. 

 confined to the sides of the abdomen and the anal part of the hindwing. Scotland, Scandinavia, Finland, 

 Lapland. — ab. subnigra MM., with very dark forewing, must not be confused with the northern form ; subnigra. 

 it is scarcely darker than true fuliginosa, and not so strongly hyaline as borealis. In ab. flavescens Schuliz flarescens. 

 the abdomen and hindwing are yellow instead of red. — amurensis Stgr. i. 1. is a form of the same size as amurensis. 

 fervida, but is in colour almost exactly like fuliginosa, the forewing however being broader. — pulverulenta 'P'^l}^^u- 

 Alph. (16 c) is a transition to fervida, the forewing being lighter than in /u/if/mosa, more yellowish brown, 

 and the hindwing lighter and clearer, more flesh-colour, and with well-defined marginal spots ; from Turkestan 

 and Northern China. ■ — fervida Stgr. (16 b) is the largest and lightest form. The forewing is strongly fervida. 

 tinged with yellowish red, and therefore almost the same colour as the hindwing, the latter bears strongly 

 reduced dots; South Europe, North Africa, local. — placida Friv. (16c), from South-East Europe, Asia, placida. 

 Minor and Turkestan, is a very large form, usually regarded as a separate species, with the forewing more 

 triangular and uniformly dark brown, and the liindwing pure light pink spotted with black. The forewing 

 bears a carmine dot at the upper angle of the cell. — Egg reddish grey. Larva hght or dark grey with 

 black brown head. The entire body covered with foxy red hairs; these hairs are always more black 

 brown in placida, and sometimes so in fuliginosa. In June, late autumn and after hibernation in April, 

 on low-growing plants, on high-roads, railway embankments and waste fields. Pupa black with the ab- 

 domen marked with yellow in the segmental incisions. The moth at the end of April and in May, and 

 again from the end of July, common everywhere on fences and in gardens, on roads and at brooks. 

 On warm days in the winter the larvae sometimes leave their hiding-places and are then found on field- 

 paths and roads, running about quickly. 



P. coelestina Piing. (16 c). As large as placida, forewing mouse-grey, thinly scaled, hindwing almost coelestina. 

 yellowish white with grey base, and dull grey spots before the margin. Both wings with blackish hook- 

 shaped spot at the apex of the cell. Thorax and abdomen dark grey, the apex of the latter ochreous. 

 Underside uniformly dull white without distinct discal spots; from the Altyn-Dagh in Central Asia. 



