HYPHORAIA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 95 



specimens which I caught in August (tho only brood'?). In this form both sexes are ahke in size, the ? 

 being larger and the (J smaller than usual. It maj- bo allied to moerens Strand, which is also darker and moerenx. 

 which Staudingek already described without naming it. In this form the hindwing is almost entirely 

 suffused with sooty, so that the light ground-colour only appears as light spots before the outer margin. 

 — Larva dark brown, with foxy red hairs, light dorsal line spotted with red, and white stigmata. From 

 the autumn until the beginning of May and again in June and July, on various low-growing plants. 

 Pupa reddish brown. The moth appears already after 2 or 3 weeks; it is on the wing in May and again 

 from the end of July, exceptionally a third small brood in September. Common nearly everywhere on 

 grass-grown wood-paths, in open woods and on alpine meadows. The (J rests in the grass, and when 

 flushed flies precipitously for 30 or 40 yards, then settles again in the grass. The $ lies closer, has a 

 whirring flight, and does not generally rise so high above the ground as the 3*. 



63. Genus: Hyplioraia Hbn. 



This genus consists of four or five species with nut-brown forewings spotted with yellow, and 

 bright yellow hindwings sometimes suffused with red. Moderately small moths with very woolly head, 

 even the eyes being hairy; palpi moderately long and porrect, but hidden in the woolly covering of the 

 head; antennae of ^ bipectinate, with long pectinations. Hair on thorax and abdomen long and shaggy; 

 legs strong, spurs of hindtibiae moderately strong. Wings fairly short and broad. Larvae stiff-hairy, with 

 small head. The genus is confined to the northern temperate and cold zones, but is circumpolar. 



H. festiva Bkh. (nee Hufn.; = lapponica Thunbg., avia, Hbn.) (17 e). Wings thinly scaled; forewing festiva. 

 reddish brown with yellow band-like spots on the costa and at the inner margin, and an irregular yellow 

 band before the outer margin; hindwing black in the basal area, but in the outer area bright yellow with black 

 spots. In the extreme North of Europe, Lapland; likewise in Siberia, and in a similar form Qiyperborea) 

 also in Arctic America. — Larva dark grey, with small black head and long black or foxy red hair. 

 After hibernating twice it is full-grown in June; on moors, where it feeds on Vaccinium uliginosum and 

 other bog-plants. The moth in July; it seems to be very rare, and is only occasionally offered by deal- 

 ers. Formerly it seems to have been obtained more frequently. 



H. ornata Shjr. (= kutschumi Ersch. i. 1.) (17 e). Forewing dark grey-brown, five lemon-yellow onuita. 

 spots at the costal margin, a row of similar ones before the outer margin and a few in the disc. Hind- 

 wing white in the ^, orange-red in the $, with dark basal streaks, central lunule and submarginal spots. 

 In the 9 a large portion of the basal area is often black. In aberrational specimens the lemon-yellow 

 spots of the forewing may be confluent, as is the case in the $ 17e; this is an aberration frequently 

 found in Arctiids, and in other species is called ab. confluens. From Mongolia (Urga). 



H. alpina Quens. (= thulea Dahn.) (17 e). This moth hke the preceding has the characteristics alpina. 

 of a northern species well developed, viz. thin scaling of the wings, these being sometimes almost trans- 

 parent, and a peculiar hairy clothing of the body. Forewing black, but much more densely spotted with 

 cream-colour than in festiva, sometimes so much so that the white colour is more extended than the dark 

 ground-colour. Lapland, Finland, Northern Siberia; very rare. 



H. seitzi Bang-H. has only lately been described, and seems to be closely allied to the preceding, seitzi. 

 at least in size and colouring. The light spots on the forewing are somewhat reduced and the colour 

 faded to pale reddish yellow. In the hindwing the basal area is not quite black, but only has dark 

 streaks. From the Issyk-kul district, doubtless very rare like al'pina. 



H. kolpakofskii Alph. This species, which is only known to me from the figure and is certainly f.°f^^'ii 

 not a Callimorpha, appears to be best placed here. Tho antenna is bipectinate. Thorax and forewing 

 blackish brown, the latter thinly scaled with ivory white spots dispersed over the entire wing; hindwing 

 and abdomen ochreous, the former yellowish red at the base, with smaller black spots at the margin and 

 three larger ones at the anal angle, before the apex and at the centre of the inner margin. From the 

 Tian-Shan. 



H. aulica L. (= pustulata Miill.) (17 e, f). The reddish brown forewing bears j-ellow, round, drop- aitlica. 

 like spots, which are not placed on the costa (except one near the base). Hindwing bright yellow, spotted 

 with black. In ab. hamata Spul. the yellow colour is so much reduced that beside slight traces on the hamata. 

 forewing only a hatchet-shaped hook on the hindwing remains, ab. radiata Spul. has a yellow stripe radiaia. 

 above the inner margin of the forewing, which is more distinct in dejeani. In ab. immaculata Gilhn. ynmani- 

 (= bicolor Spul.) the forewing is dark brown, the hindwing black, both with scarcely any yellow except for 

 tho yellow fringes. In ab. extensa Schultz only several of the yellow spots on the forewing are confluent, extensa. 



