CALLIMOEPHA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 101 



black dorsal and lateral spots. Everywhere at the Middle and Upper Yaug-tse-kiang, in I'pper Assam and 

 the Eastern Himalayas, common in many localities. 



71. Uemis: Callilliorpllit Lair. 



Medium-sized and very hrightly coloured moths, mostly with a. stnmg metallic gloss on the thorax 

 and wings. Head rather small; eyes very prominent; palpi short, upturned, with reduced end-segment; 

 tongue strong; antennae simple, setiform in l)oth sexes. Thorax clothed with dense smooth hair: abdomen 

 slender, in the $ cylindrical, brightly coloured and with dark strijies or spots, aberratively sometimes 

 metallic black. Forewing triangular, metallic black-green or lilack-ldue, with white or yellow markings, 

 hindwing oval, red or yellow, aberratively sometimes black. Larvae sparsely covered with short bristles, 

 brightly coloured, hibernating on low-growing plants; pupa small in proportion to the moths, the latter 

 appearing after four or five weeks. The species inhabit Europe and North Asia, and in Kashmir and tin 

 Eastern Himalayas enter Indian tern'tory. There is no species in Northern Africa, but a few occur in the 

 Ethiopian region, which however are perhaps better placed into a separate genus. 



C. dominula L. (= profuga Goze, domina Hbn.) (18 e). The Scarlet Tiger has black-green glossy iliniiintilii. 

 forewing, with the spots at the middle and apex of the cell and near the base of the inner margin ochre- 

 ous and the other spots white. Hindwing deep dark red with a Idack spot before the apex of the 

 cell and black mai-ginal markings. Abdomen red with broad black dorsal stripe and apex. Through- 

 out Europe with the exception of the Arctic countries and many islands, eastward to the countries around 

 the Black Sea. About 20 varieties have been erected, some being aberrations, some geographical races, 

 and Standfu,ss has obtained a number of inconstant but highly interesting forms by crossing different 

 races. The spots on the forewing mav all be white (ab. hamelensis PfUimer), without there being any other hnwclcnsis. 

 distinction. In ab. confertaS'c/iMite the usually white spots on the forewing are confluent. In ali.fasciata .S'pwL '■""/;''''"■ 

 the spots of the forewing merge together in pairs to form transverse bands. In ab. paucimacula Schuliz pauci- 

 the spots are reduced, often being alisent with the exception of one. In ab. inarita Scliultz the spots of xincuhi. 

 the forewing are absent. In ab. romanovi .S7fl7i.(//ss. (18 c) the black of the hindwing is increased, only the ',"gl\ii^'yi.i 

 base being red, while in ab. nigra SpuJ. both wings are black above, ali. nexa SchuJiz has the discal spot iiifjra. 

 of the hindwing united \\ith the black colour of the margin, but is oth.n'wise normal, ab. radiata Krodel '"■';'■ 

 has two white raaial basal streaks on the underside of the forewing. — Beside these variations, which may 

 occur anywhere, there is a series of geographical races which in some localities are the only form and in 

 others occur among name-typical specimens: lusitanica S'/grr. has tlie forewing like oi'dinary dominula, but the In.sUdiiica. 

 hindwing is yelloAV. Singly already in South Germany. — rossica KoU. (18 e) like the preceding with rossica. 

 yellow hindwing, but the spots on the forewing all white and mostly rather larger. — bithynica Stgr. hilhiiiiira. 

 has all the spots of the forewing yellow or brownish, the liindwing red, with tin- l)lack like that on the 

 abdomen increased. — In the (>xtreme South-East of the area of distribution insubrica Wackz., with the ui.siilnini. 

 hindwing tinged with yellow, forms a transition from hithijnica to ifalica. In certain alpine valleys. — 

 italica Standfss. (= donna Costa) has the hindwing very dark yellow, sometimes strongly reddish, while the itulint. 

 spots of the forewing are larger; in Central and Upper Italy, where it is locally constant. — bieli Stgr. bieli. 

 is a very conspicuous form in M'hich the spots of the forewing are all orange-yellow and the binding 

 light red-lead colour tinged with yellow tinge; North Portugal near Oporto. — Lastly, the very variable 

 form persona Hfo«. (= donna Ea'/j. neo, Costa, domina ///;«.) (18 e) must bo mentioned, with small spots on pvrsonu. 

 the forewing and yellow hindwing, the latter in the outer half entirely black hke the abdomen. — Larva 

 blackish grey with broad sulphur-yellow dorsal stripe interrupted and marked with black, and with minute 

 yellow and white spots laterally. The warts have a bluish gloss and bear short hairs. Until the beginning 

 of May on low-growing plants, especially Cynoglo.ssum. Pupa reddish brown, sometimes two or three in 

 the same cocoon. The moths in June and July, often but not regularly flying by day in the sunshine, 

 visiting flowering lime-trees. Very common in most localities; the larvae are best collected in the early 

 spring directly after hibernation. 



C. philippsi Bartel. The moth is said to resemble quadripunctaria, but according to the author the philippsi. 

 white bands of the forewing consist of spots recalling the markings of dominula and the black spots of the 

 hindwing are much enlarged. Kusch, Russian Turkmenia (?). Unknown to me (aberration of another species?). 



C. quadripunctaria Poda (= hera L.) (18 f). The Jersey Tiger, generally known under Linne's ^"^"^^.J"^V^^ 

 name of /(pra, has a greenish black forewing banded with white, the hindwing in typical specimens being bright 

 vermilion with three black spots at the apex of the cell and before the outer margin. Throughout Europe 

 with the exception of the North and Western Asia, from England and Western France to Persia and from 

 Livonia and St. Petersburg to the Mediterranean; also mentioned from Egypt, but probably only in the 



') At Darmstadt, according to the kind information received from Ilerr Wilbrand, on an average one 

 specimen among liOO red ones. 



