llf) HYPOGYIMNA; ORGYIA. By Dr. E. Steand. 



Burma, Java, Australia, and said to occur also in Africa. 



ilavimacula. D. flavimacula Moore from India and Tibet. The J of the form first destril)ed, from India, has the 



forewing dark jjurjjle-brown with three wavy black transverse lines, a dark lunuie bounding a brown smear on 

 the discocclhilar and a row of dark sj)ots in the marginal area. In the anal angle a wliitish yellow sharj)ly defined 

 ol)li(lue transverse streak. The hindwing is dark, and the underside of both wing.s has a postniedian trans- 

 verse line and a discocellular spot. $ lighter, with sharper markings. S 48, $ 60 mm. The form from Tibet 

 (Yatung) differs in the shorter forewing with more rovmded margin, especially in the 5- while in true fhivi- 

 yatonyu. macuhi- llie forewing is elongate with very oblique margin. I call the form from Tibet yatonga nom. nov. 



tenebrosa. D. tenebrosa Witlk. (22 c). Dark l)rown, forewing with six indistinct dark Mavy lines edged with, 



purplisli grej' on tlie oiiter side, a row^ of dark lunules in the marginal area and everywhere else a pat- 

 tern of irregular diffuse separate spots and streaks. All wings with a black discal spot below. Hindwing dark 

 grey. The markings of the forewing of the $ less distinct. Forewing with black discocellular spot, while in the 

 closely allied hlmmi Moore, often united with it, there is a large ochreous spot instead. 43 to 52 mm. India, 

 Tibet and West-China. 



chinemiti. D. chinensis Swinh. is also allied to D. hhiinn, Imt tlie colouring is different and the transverse lines of 



the forewing are of a different shape. Greyish brown, forewing with greyish white especially in the apical half, 

 tlie subbasal and the median I)rown transverse lines sinuous, the discal one dentate and recurved, tiie sub- 

 marginal one composed of lunides; at the margin there are lunules with white inner edge and brown longi- 

 tudinal wedge-shaped spots. Hindwing brown with a vestigial darker discal band; fringes ochreous with 

 l)rown spots. Underside light olive-grey, with double discal band on both wings and large discocellular spot 

 on the hindM'ing. ^ 44, $ 50 mm. China (Mupin, Ta-tsien-lu, Kwei-chow). 



calocaloidcs. D. calocaloides /vcfo/f (22c), from West China, has dark brown forewing partly suffused with yellow- 



ish or greenish, and bearing black wavy transverse lines, as w'ell as two or three small greenish spots at the 

 costal margin; the discocellular spot is reniform and edged with black on the outer side. Hindwing orange, 

 with broad black costal and outer-marginal band and a long black wedge-shaped stripe from the base to the 

 marginal band. Underside of both wings orange, with black marginal band anteriorly and on the outer side, 

 and distinct discocellular spot. (^ 46 mm. 



4. Genus: H^'pog^iiiiia Hh 



n. 



This genus only contains one European species, slightly resembling the Psychids ; the ^ has a slender 

 body and rather broad rounded wings ; the $ is stout-bodied with narrow wings, the forewing being one-half, 

 the hindwing one-third the length of the body; in the forewing of the $ veins 6 and 7 are absent. Larva with 

 large star-shaped knob-like warts, on grasses; pupa with thin hair, m a loose cocoon. 



morio. H. morio L. (19 a). (^ varying from blackish to grey, with transparent wings; $ not able to fly, 



natlyi. yellowish grey with yellowish fringes. Smaller, lighter specimens are named ab. natiyi Airpi. From South- 

 Eastern Germany through Austria and Hungary to the Northern Balkan and southward to Central Italy. The 

 records from Southern France, Mmiich and Dillenburg (Hessen-Nassau) are doubtless incorrect. — On the 

 caueasica. other hand, in Armenia the form caucasica Heyl. occurs; smaller, witli longer fringes and shorter spiir on the 

 foretibia, forewing more rounded. — ■ The eggs are deposited in clusters on stalks of grass. Larva black with 

 yellow longitudinal stripes, the dorsal and ventral stripes interrupted, warts ochreous, with grey hair. From 

 Jmie until May on grasses, especially Lolium. Larvae which pupate early give the moth already in the autunm, 

 but most of the larvae hibernate, their imago appearing in the spring. Pupa in a thin loose cocoon, soft, yel- 

 low with brown markings and grey hair. The moths are local, on meadows, usually abundant, often occur- 

 ing in large quantities in the valley of the Danube, where the (^,^ are frequently seen flying about briskly in 

 daytime. 



5, Genus: Orgyia O. 



Smaller forms, which in the ^J-sex resemble Rhopalocera in the usually bright colouring and the halxit 

 of flying in daytime, Avhile the $$ liave aborted \\ings and very stout woolly abdomen; 5-antenna short with 

 short dentition. The $$ are very sluggish and usually lay their eggs on the cocoon. The species can there- 

 fore onlj' be distributed by the larvae. The antemia of the ^ is bipectinate, the ciliate pectmations being long 

 and bearing at their apex a stronger bristle directed basad. — Larva also brightly coloured, with brush-like 

 tufts and pencils of hair; they live on trees and shrubs and pupate in a double cocoon, the pupa bearing minute 

 hairs. About 50 species are known, bemg distributed over the entire earth and extending far northward. 



