174 LEBEDA; PARALEBEDA. By Dr. K. Geunberg. 



dense silky or parchment-like cocoon. — The genus is represented by two species confined to the Mediterranean 

 district, one of which, lineosa, occurs in the West, the other, otus, in the Central and Eastern countries. 



otus. P. otus Drury (= dryophaga Hhn.) (28 e, f). The largest Palearctic Lasiocampid. CTreyish brown, the 



forewing uniformly and densely dusted with black scales, with a very deeply and acutely indented median 

 band and a more wavy oblique submarginal one, both usually wdth a narrow light edge on the sides away from 

 each other. Southern Italy, Sicily and Greece, in the North from the Austrian coast districts to Rovimania; 

 Asia Minor, northward to Armenia, southward to Palestine. — Egg marbled with white and yellow, and with 

 black dots (Treitschke). Ground-colour of larva yellowish brown and light grey, with the irregular longi- 

 tudinal stripes and the markings on the lateral warts of considerable size, being one of the largest known Pa- 

 learctic Bombycid larva. Hairs black on the back, grey at the sides and on the warts, the latter also bearing 

 some black hairs. The scales on the middle of the back and on the sides white. The transverse swellings on 

 segments 2 and 3 bright rust-red, with short bristly hairs of the same colour, the posterior one -ndth a black 

 longitudinal stripe in the centre. Underside more or less bright orange, with broad black longitudinal stripe; 

 iinderside of the warts also black. Pupa blackish brown, in a long elhptical wliite or whitish grey dense woolly 

 cocoon. Larva from Julj^ until May on Cupressus or Quercus pubescens, also on juiiiper. Moth from June 

 to September. The larvae will also feed on our common oak. In breeding them one must put them into a 

 cold room for hibernation, and must not keep them too damp. 



lineoso. P. lineosa Vill. (28 f). Grey; thorax and forewing strongly variegated with white, abdomen and hind- 



wing darker, forewing with a broad longitudinal pure wliite band, narrowly and cbstinctly edged with black, 

 the anterior edge of the band bearing two deep pointed indentations; before the apex of the wing there are 

 two isolated longitudinal streaks, proximally produced into a point and likewise edged with black. Southern 

 France and Spain, North- West Africa. Larva similar to that of Odonestis pruni, grey with blackish longitudinal 

 stripe, the swellings on segments 2 and 3 bright reddish yellow with similar hairs, segment 11 with two warts 

 bearing tuft-like black hairs, two similar smaller warts also on the other abdominal segments. Lives vnitil 

 May on cypress (Cupressus sempervirens and fastigiata). Pupa dark brown with brown hair, light abdominal 

 incisions and short stiff bristles at the anal end. 



20. Genus: liebeda Walk. 



Antennae of ^ densely and strongly plumose, the branches only becoming gradually slightly shorter 

 towards the tip, in the $ also with evenly short pectinations to the apex. Palpi porrect, extending beyond 

 the frons, very densely scaled, broader towards the apex, and obliquely truncate. Eyes naked. Frons smooth, 

 densely clothed with hairs directed forAvard. Body densely hairy, abdomen extending considerably beyond 

 the anal angle of the hindwing, slender and pointed, especially in the (^. Forewing broad, costal margin rather 

 stronglycurved, in the outer half, apex rectangular but slightly rounded, distal margin moderately strongly 

 curved, inner margin slightly ventricose in the basal half, then somewhat incurved to the distal margin. Hind- 

 wing broad, distal margin evenly and strongly rounded, costal margin strongly and broadly incurved before 

 the centre, then straight and oblique to the margin. Vein 2 of forewing originating near the base. 4 directly 

 before the lower angle of the cell, from which 5 originates, 6 and 7 on a short stalk, the stalk together with 



8 from the upper angle of the cell, 9 and 10 also on a short stalk, which is longer than that of 6 and 7, 2 to 



9 into the margin, 10 into the apex. In the hindwing vein 2 beyond the middle of the cell, 3 close to the lower 

 angle of the cell, from wliich originate 4 and 5 on a very short stalk, 8 anastomosing with 7 in a point directly 

 beyond the origin of the latter, both veins elbowed where they touch. Basal cell moderately large, narrow, 

 s]iiiulle-shaped, accessory veins obsolescent and indistinct. Cell of both wings closed. Cross-vein of forewng 

 angulate in the middle, that of the liindwing near the anterior end. Femora and tibiae densely hairy, middle 

 and hind tibiae with short end-spurs, tarsi smoothly scaled. Only one species occurs on Palearctic territory, 

 being found in the North- Western Himalayas, just on the border between the Palearctic and Oriental Regions. 



nohUif!. L. nobilis Walk. (30 c). A very large species, the ? measuring more than 130 mm. in expanse. Light 



greyish brown with the markings darker, deep chocolate brown in the ^. Forewing with sharp wedge-shaped 

 discal spot, and four narrow light grey transverse bands, the middle ones of which enclose the discal area, which 

 is deep chocolate brown in the ^; a blackish longitudinal smear traverses the discal area at the height of the 

 discal spot in the o, and is broadened beyond the outer band to form a dark marginal shadowy .stripe reacliing 

 to the apex; before the hind angle a black double spot, mostly indistinct in the $. HindA\-ing deep dark brown, 

 lighter in the $, with two parallel grey median transverse bands. On the underside thorax, palpi and basal 

 half of forewing a deep black brown in the S, hghter in the $. Kashmir. Northern India,^also elsewhere in the 

 Himalayas (Silhet, Nepal, Naga Hills). 



21. Genus: I*aralebeda Awiv. 

 AlUed to the preceding geiius, as well as to Pachypasa and the next genus Taragama. Antennae sharply 



