186 APONA; EUl'TKKOTE. Hv Dr. K. Orinbkrg. 



wing uitli a subbasal bund only slightly indicated and two I'ows of alternate black spots in the marginal area. 

 Underside of body bright yellowish red, that of the wings yellow- with widely extended reddish and blackish 

 broMii markings. Japan. 



lif/dliiKiiii. A. hyalinata Bull. (30 b). A remarkably small specie.s even for this genus, expanding only 30 mm. 



Forewing uniforndy dark brown with black discal spot and several blackish transverse bands, before the apex 

 a smaller and a larger vitreous spot. Costal and inner marginal areas of hindwing bright yellow, the rest darker, 

 tiie oblique transverse stripes black. Japan. The ^ of this species flies by day and on the wing strongly re- 

 sembles an Orgyia. Like the latter it is not easy to catch. Butler places the species with Prismosticta and 

 describes it as a Bombycid, to which family it forms a transition. The figured specimen, like the type, came 

 from Nikko. The species is recorded from Kiusliiu as well as the Main Island; it does not appear to be common. 



3. Genus: Apoiia Walk. 



Antennae of ,^ with extraordinarily long and dense pectinations, in the $ with shorter ones. Palpi 

 upturned to half the height of the frons, with very long hair on the underside. Forewing broad with sharp 

 rectangular apex, distal margin moderately curved, very slightly concave below the apex; inner margin quite 

 straight ; hindwing witli rather sharp apical and anal angles ; distal margin of both wings slightly wavy. In 

 the forewing vein 6 from the upper angle of the cell, 7, 8 and 9 stalked, 10 absent; in the hindwing 6 and 7 

 from the upper angle of the cell, 8 touching the cell at a point close beyond the base; cUscocellular vein of 

 both wings broken below vein 5. The genus comprises rather large species and is on the whole South- Asiatic, 

 but a special form occurs in Cliina. 



caschmiren- A. caschmlrensls Koll. (29 e). Greyish brown, basal half of both wings whitish grey to the postdiscal 



*'■*• band. Both wings with a discal and a postdiscal narrow dark band, the latter very shai-ji on the forewing. 



with a wliite inner edge and a broad dark shadowy outer one ending in a deeply sinuous wavy line. In the 



liindwing a similar but less distinct submarginal transverse shadow. Forewing also with a small dark discal 



spot. In the North-Western Himalayas and Northern India. 



iinintlariiia. A. niandarjna Leech. Closely albed to caschmirensis, varyijig in ground-colour from ashy grey and 



light greyish brown to dark brown. Central and West China. 



4. Genus: Huptcrote Hhn. 



A typical Oriental genus fairly rich in species, which are on the whole of very considerable size,, some 

 being very large. Antennae of ^ with long pectinations, of $ with short ones. Palpi moderately large, por- 

 rect and slightly upturned, with long and dense hair beneath. Hair on the thorax long, that on the abdomen 

 shorter. Forewing broad, triangular, costal margin rather strongly cvu'ved only towards the apex; the latter 

 slightly rounded, distal margin only very sUghtly curved, forming a distinct angle with the inner margin. Hind- 

 wing also broad, apical and anal angles rounded biit distinct, distal margin moderately curved. In the fore- 

 wing vein 5 very near the anterior end of the discocellular vein, 6 from the upper angle of the cell or on a short 

 stalk with 7, 8 and 9; 10 absent. In the hindwing vein 5 as in the forewing, 6 and 7 together from the upper 

 angle of the cell or on a short stalk, 8 from the base of the cell, free from its origin. Femora and tibiae with 

 fairly long hair, middle and end spurs small, not projecting from the hair. The predominant colours are yellow, 

 broMii and grey. The markings consist of dark transverse bands, wliich continue at the same breadth over 

 both wiiigs, consisting of a number of parallel wavy lines, a postdiscal, double or single, not wavy luie is generally 

 the most distinct, and a deep dentate submarginal line, in wliich frecjuently large black spots are placed. In 

 these markings they resemble certain Saturnids, for instance the genus Antheraea. Distributed over the whole 

 of Southern Asia and the Sunda Islands to the Philippines. Only one Chinese species is purely Palearctic. The 

 two commonest Indian species, which are at the same time among the largest species of the genus, E. fabia Cr. 

 and vndata Blanch., occur in the Himalayas as far as the most Southern boundary of the Palearctic Region, 

 and must therefore be mentioned here. They are, moreover, so closely allied with one another that there is 

 hardly justification for keeping them separate as species if not for the sake of convenience. 

 /"'"■"• C. fabia Cr. (29 f). A large species, up to 130 mm. in expanse. ^ bright ochreous yellow or chrome- 



yellow, $ with the same ground-colour or of a more brownish or reddish shade, also in the markings. Very 

 variable in pattern, the wavy band and submarginal dentate line often very obsolescent, between the latter 

 and the postdiscal band oi the forewing usually a few larger black spots, close behind the postdiscal band of 

 linth wings a row of mostly distinct black dots on the veins. On the other hand, the markings, especially in the 

 , . may be very extended and prominent. Throughout India and Ceylon, northward to the Himalayas. — 

 Larva deep dark brown with hairs of the same colour, the dorsal tufts consisting of short and long hairs, the 

 lateral and veiitro-lateral ones only of short hairs. On each side three longitudinal rows of tiny white dots 

 extending the whole body. Segments 5 to 11 with two dorsal rows of reddish warts. Anal legs flesh-colour. 

 Pupa blackish brown \\\\\\ light abdominal incisions, in a dirty greyish brown cocoon densely intermixed with 

 the hairs of the larvae. 



