DREPANA. By Dr. E. .Strand. 199 



L. thibetaria Pouj. Silky white, forewiug with 5 narrow straight subparallel dark oblique lines from thiheturia. 

 the inner margin nearly to the costal margin, the four proximal ones arranged in pairs, the three outer ones 

 directed towards the apex or at least to its immediate neighbourhood. The lines (perhaps only 4) are continued 

 on the hindwing, where they also do not reach the costal margin antl are slightly curved. 29 mm. Centi'al and 

 Western China. 



L. quinquelineata Leech (48 b), from Japan, is white; forewing with 4 wavy ochreous transverse gwingj^e- 

 lines, the third and fourth of which are most strongly wavy, the sidjmarginal line indicated by ochreous dots. "'*"«'• 

 Hindwing with three ochreous wavy transverse lines, the second and third of which seem to continue the tliird 

 and fourth of the forewing. Beneath white, forewing darker in the costal area. 30 mm. 



L. lineata Leech (48 b) is silky white; forewing with 4 dark almost parallel and nearly straight lines, lineata. 

 hindwing with 4 dark curved parallel ones; fringes yellowish. Underside silvery white, basal area of forewing 

 brownish. 38 mm. West Cluna. 



9. Genus: Drcpaiia Schrank. 



Forewing with more or less sickle-shaped apex. Palpi weak, upturned. Hindwing with veins 7 and 8 

 separate. In the forewing veins 6 and 11 originate from the cell or from the areole. Antennae of ^ bipectinate 

 to the apex or almost simple in the last third. Hind tibiae with end-spurs and sometimes with middle ones. 

 The wings folded flat when at rest. On the back of segment 1 of the larva there are usually short fleshy 

 projections. The ^,^ of many species fly by day, their flight being irregular and pendulating. They are wary 

 and at the approach of an enemy fly up mto the air. They rest in bushes and branches of trees, from which 

 they can be beaten. 



A. European species *). 



D. falcataria L. (= falcula Schiff.) (23 g). Forewing brownish yellow, sometimes rather pale, with falcaturia. 

 grey zigzag transverse Imes not appearing in the costal area of the hindwing. Discocellular spot of fore- 

 wing grey, round, traversed by black, two dots above it and somewhat further basad; from the apex of the 

 wing to two-thirds of the hindwing a brownish red transverse stripe. Length of forewing 18 to 20 mm., ex- 

 panse 38 mm. Central and Northern Europe, up to 66" N. Latitude, Italy, Southern Russia, Bithynia, Siberia, 

 in May and August, in the North in June and July. — A ^ before me from the former collection of Maassen 

 (now in the Berlin Museum), unfortunately without locality (from Aachen ?), is darker than usual above, with 

 very indistinct and small discocellular spot, also scarcely divided by darker lines; on the underside of both 

 wings the two transverse lines are twice as broad as usual, and also wider apart one from the other, the 

 proximal one crossing the apex of the cell and running through the posterior one of the two discocellular spots, 

 while in the typical form it is often quite distinctly separate from the spot, respectively from the cell. The 

 zigzag line in the marginal area of the hindwing beneath is diffuse. I name this form. ab. crassistrigaria ab. crassistri- 

 nov. — Larva with pairs of thorn-like projections on segments 2 and 3 of thorax and 2 of abdomen: green 'J"^^^- 

 (venter, sides and legs), or yellowish with brownish red dorsal .spots from segment 4 on^vard and with 

 single longer hairs; segments 2 to 5 with fleshy processes, of which those on segment 4 are smaller. Head 

 yellow with two brownish red transverse bands. 25 to 30 mm. long. On Birch and Alder, in June and Sep- 

 tember. Puj^a with short cremaster and 2 head-cases, yellowish brown with black-brown wing-cases and short 

 bristles. It is easy to collect numbers of the moths by jarring the trees in young plantations of Birch and Adler. 



D. curvatula Borkh. (23 h) (= harpagula Hbn., acuta Butl.) is in light specimens similar to the preced- curvaUda. 

 ing species, but is usually a good deal darker; forewing only with two black central spots, the red-brown trans- 

 verse line from the apex of the wing is distinctly continued on the hindwing; colouring usually violet-brown. 

 Markmgs and shape of wing as in falcataria, but the underside much deeper and more evenly ochreous. Length of 

 forewing 15 to 17 mm. May and August. North and Central Europe, to Central Scandinavia and Southern Fmland. 

 Absent in England, but occurs in Japan, Corea, Ussuri district, Amur. — The species has been crossed with the 

 previous one: rebeli Stand f. (23 h) (= falcataria $ x curvatula ,^) and approximatula Apatz (= falcataria ^ x rcbeli. 

 curvatula ?) ; these two forms are most like curvatula. S and 9 of rebeli emerged from the chrysalis at the same "J^^J^i^''' 

 time, copulated, and normal-looking eggs were laid, but the larvae died soon after emerging or already in the egg. 

 The sexes of approximatula emerged at very different times, the i^ J appeared soon after the larvae had pupated 

 in a rolled-up leaf edge, while the ^-larvae spun the curved edge of the leaf together well, gnawed off the case 

 thus formed so that it feel to the ground, closed up the opening still present and hibernated as pupae. — Larva 

 green with short sparse black-brown hair, brown-black and short fleshy projections in pairs on segments 2 to 4, 

 head with brown and white markings ; 25 to 30 mm long. Lives on Alder and Oak, June and September. 



*) some of which also occur in Asia. 



