AGTIAS. By Dr. K. Jordan. 211 



of the food-plant and fastened to thin twigs. Silk of inferior quality. Pupa with hooked bristles at the anal 

 end, by which it is attached to the cocoon. 



A number of species of the Old and New Worlds, which have been distributed over several genera. 

 In China there occur more species than anywhere else. 



The geiaus extends eastward to the Moluccas. 



A. dubernardi Oberth. (J: Wings narrow and long, yellowish green, distal margin of both wings broadly duhernardi. 

 pink, discocellular spot of forewing connected with the costal margin. West Chma. Tse-ku. — • Sonthonnax 

 describes a $ from Leou-fang, which he places here with some doubt. It is perhaps the $ of sinensis. Its wings 

 have some red only on the tail, and the hindwing bears an ocellus, but the discocellular spot of the forewing 

 is united with the costal margin as in the ^J. 



A. felicis Oberth. (34 a). (J: Pale green; forewing narrow, with strongly rounded apex and outer margin, felicis. 

 fringes yellow, ocellus small, a wavy line parallel with the margin between this and ocellus. Hindwing likewise 

 narrow, the ocellus much nearer the outer margin than in selene. — West China: Siao-lu, in coll. Oberthur. 



A. sinensis W<dk. (33 b). ^■. Pale yellow; forewing sharply pointed, outer margin evenly concave. Both sinensis. 

 wings with a wavy line basally of the middle and between the ocellus and the margin a second very deeply 

 waved line widened into dots ot the veins, ocellus in both wings with reddish lunule, and on the forewing connected 

 with the costal margin, tail long, thin, almost straight. The markings more reddish below than above. — Northern 

 China ; North-Eastern Assam. Only a few specimens are known of this and the preceding species ; the follow, 

 ing species, however, are common, sinensis is here figured in colours for the first time. 



A. artemis. A short-tailed species in which the tail is so curved outward that its hind margin is strongly 

 angulate in the $ and less so in the (^; by tliis character the species can easily be distinguished from specimens 

 of the following which are otherwise very similar. The discal line of both wings is, moreover, wavy above and 

 below; when the line is absent above it is at least indicated by dots on the veins. The genitalia confirm the 

 opinion that these differences are specific. Larva on various deciduous trees. Moth in June and July. Hibernates 

 as pupa. Amurland and Japan. Three subspecies. — artemis Brem. (33 b), from Amurland and Askold, probably aiiemis. 

 also occurs in Oorea. The discal line is nearly always absent above and is generally only indicated beneath by 

 dots on the veins. In the Tring Museum there is a gynandromoi^phous specimen ($ on the right side, ^ on 

 the left), ab. caeca Sfgr. are specimens without ocelli; tliis name has been omitted in Staudinger- Rebel's caeca. 

 Catalogue. — In aliena Butl. (33 a), which is known to us from Yezzo and the Main Island of Japan, the aliena. 

 discal line is usually distmct, but specimens also occur in which scarcely a trace is present even on the under- 

 side. — xenia subsp. nov. is found on the Liu-kiu Island Okinawa, and therefore really occurs outside the Pale- .i-e?iia. 

 arctic boundary ; but as that is the most southern point of the species, the form may be described here for the 

 sake of completeness. Forewing traversed by an oblique line at the origin of the lower median branch, this line 

 being absent in the two other forms; discal line distmct on both wings, especially strongly developed above; 

 on the underside of the hindwing a brown marginal line, fringes yellow. In one specimen the wine-red colour 

 of the costal margin, collar and legs is replaced by pale yellow; ab. flavicollis ab. nov. flavivoUis. 



A. selene. The tail of (^ and 9 longer than in A. artemis, and directed more backward, its hind edge scfene. 

 therefore less curved. The discal line not regularly undulate, and often accompanied by a second Ime. Egg 

 brown, densely dotted, reticulate in transmitted light. Larva first red, then green, the warts of the green stages 

 reddish orange with the exception of four dorsal warts on the meso- and metathorax, which are larger than 

 the others and green with a black ring; the warts on segments 11 and 12 also remain green. On various deci- 

 duous trees, in India especially on Coriaria nipalensis, Andromeda ovalifolia. Hibiscus, SaUx babylonica, 

 Wild Cherry, Walnut, etc. The moths appear already in the spring and are found throughout the summer. 

 From Japan and the Amur to Ceylon and Borneo, and m most places not common. — gnoma Butl. (= dul- gnoma. 

 cinea Butl., mandschurica Stgr. pt.) (33 c). A small form. Ocelli and tail without red; the black arc of the ocellus 

 thin, separated by a pale yeUow lunule from the transparent discocellular bar. Tail of o about as long 

 as the wing is broad at the level of the ocellus, in the $ shorter by at least one-tliird. On the Main Island 

 of Japan, common from April to October. • — ■ mandschurica Stgr. is a link between gnoma and ningpoana. The mandschu- 

 name was originally based on a medley of specimens from Amurland and Cliina, and ningpoana was not at "'^"' 

 all referred to m the description. If mandschurica. is valid at all, it may be restricted to specimens from the Amur 

 and Ussuri districts. Ocelli and tail usually without any distinct red colour (in a ^ from Raddefka before me 

 the ocellus has a very distinct red lunule), tail of both sexes longer than in gnoma, outer margin of hindwing 

 less convex from the apex to the base of the tail, the black lunule of the ocellus stronger. — ningpoana ningpoana. 

 Fldr. (= mandschurica Stgr. pt., selene [Hbn.] Leech pt.) (33 b). Larger on an average than the two precediiig 

 forms, very much like true selene, but always distinguishable from it by the absence of the red colour from 



