256 CELERIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 



lorcwiiif; not rosy, the lattt-r darker than in euphorbine, with a broad costal border and rather narrow pale oblique 

 band ruimuig from the apex to the hind margin; discal band of liindwing red, in front and behind white. 

 Larva very similar to that of euphorbiae, green in the first instar, later often brown ; the pale dots always sparse ; 

 tlie ocellus situated at the base of the form always oval. On Galium, Epilobiuni, etc. The name of the food- 

 plant from which the moth derives its name was formerly frequently spelt Gallium, which explains the 11 in the 

 yallii. name of the species. Distributed over nearly the entire northern temperate zone. — gallii Rott. (=galii Schiff.) 

 (41 d) is the Palearctic subspecies, which differs from the American form, intermedin Kirbij. in the greater re- 

 duction of the red colouring on the hiudwing. From the Atlantic ocean to Japan and the Himalayas, in the 

 spring and again in the summer; in some years abundant, in others sparse; found up to 13 000 ft. in the Hima- 

 jjalliJd. lavas. Tnab. pallida Tuft the oblicpie band of the forewing is whitish, in ab. incompleta Tiitt the posterior half of 

 imompMa. (jjjg jj^nd is olive: the black submarginal band of the hindwing is thin in ab. stricta Tutt and enlarged to the 

 Uita. distal margin in ab. lata Tutt; the dark portions of the forewing are greyish and the red colour is absent from 

 yrisca. the discal band of the hindwing in ab. grisea Tutt. 



C. nicaea. Similar to ('. euphorbine. but tiie pulvillus is well developed, the first foretarsal segment 

 bears no prolonged spines, the legs are almost as pale beneath as above, the margins of the abdominal seg- 

 ments are beneath hardly paler than the ground, the proximal edge of the dark band of the forewing reaches 

 the hind margin of the wing at a more distal point, and the anal spot of the hindwing has a reddish tone. 

 Larva on Euphorbia ; green when young, on each side with 2 rows of black-edged yellow spots ; later usually 

 grey, the spots red or deep yellow, often broken up and the black borders confluent; head pale, marked with 

 black; horn black. Moth in the spring and late in the summer. Mediterranean countries. Anterior Asia to 

 iiiaiid. North-West India. — tlicaea Pruri. (= cyparissiae Hbn.) (41 a). The distal margin of the forewing darker 

 than the median area, the latter more or less irrorated with dark specks. Spain, Southern France, Italy, 

 vrlmaca. eastward to Transcaspia. Specimens from the Crimea with black specks are ab. crimaea Bang-H. — castis- 

 castiKsima. sjmg Aust. On the whole paler, and the median area of the forewing purer in colour, ab. carnea Aust. has 



('(IVili'd* c i 



liiiln/n(s. 'i I'eddish tint. ^Morocco and Algeria. — lathyrus Walk. (41 d) is a small form from North-West India with 

 dark dusting, the dark oblique band of the forewing moreover being broader than in the previous forms. 

 Occurs presumably also in Kashmir. 

 ~U'J"i'l'!ill'i- C. zygophylH O. (41 d). Antennae with white scaling. Pulvillus vestigial. Similar to gallii; the light 



oblique stripe of the forewing much narrower, the wing itself also being narrower. Discal band of hindwing 

 red, with a white spot at the abdominal margin. Wings beneath without red. Larva variable, greyi.sh green 

 to brown or greenish black, above with 3 lines, without ocelli, but the subdorsal line sometimes widened on 

 each segment so as to form a spot, or separated into spots. On Zygophyllum. — Known from Southern Russia 

 to North Afghanistan and eastward to the Lob-Nor. The moth in the sprmg and autumn, the second brood 

 probably inconiplete. 

 vcspertiiw. C. vespertilio Esp. (41 e). Body and forewing brownish grey or blue-grey; abdomen with 3 black spots 



at each side. Forewing only with traces of markings; hindwing red, black at the base and before the distal 

 margin. Pulvillus obsolete. Egg pale green, deposited in pairs (as is probably also the case in gallii). Larva 

 without a horn in all stages, ground-colour and markings variable in the later stages, usually brownish grey, 

 on each side a row of large red spots edged with black. On Epilobium, on dvy ground with detritus, in day- 

 time under stones. The moth in the spring, in the higher mountains as late as July, a second (incomplete) 

 brood in August and September. Distribution from the South of France to Southern Germany and east- 

 .■idliiioimi. ward to the Caucasus and Armenia, not known from the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa, ab. saltnonea 

 flara. Oberth. has but little red on the median area of the hindwing, and in ab. flava Blach. this area is yellow. In 

 iininna. ab. mun'na AuM. the forewing has no markings at all, and the median area of the hindwing is densely dusted 

 with grey. 



C. hippophaes. Patagia without white upper margin. Abdominal segments not edged with white; 

 on each side of abdomen '1 black spots. The dark olive costal border of the forcM-ing not sharply defined but 

 gradually shading off; the dark median spot small and elongate, or even altogether obsolete; the proximal 

 edge of the dark olive oblique band nearly straight. Hindwing red, the base and a submarginal band black. 

 Larva with a thin horn, without round ocelli, but with })ale subdorsal line, at the base of the horn an elon- 

 gate spot: below the spiracles a conspicuous broad white longitudinal stripe. On Hippophae; it has a jiredi- 

 lection for sunning itself on the highest twigs. From Spain northward to Southern Germany and eastward 

 hippophaes. to the Issyk-kul. The moth in the s})ring and sometimes again in the autumn. — hippophaes iS'.s/^. (41 e). LTpper- 

 side of body and forewing dark olive: the median spot of the forewing distinct. Spain to the Caucasus; not 

 bienerti. known from North Africa. — bienerti Stgr. (41 e). Much paler, greyish yellow, beneath almost yellowish white; 

 median spot of the forewing above at the most vestigial. From Transcaspia to the Lob-Nor and North Persia. 

 liiieatii. C. lineata. Abdomen above spotted with white, bearuig black and white spots at the sides. Fore- 



Ming with a narrow light oblique band, the veins pale from the cell to the olive distal margin. Hindwing 

 with a broad red median band which ends with a large white spot at the abdominal margin ; submargmal band 

 and base black. Pulvillus present. Egg small, light green. Larva variable, with a complete row of round 

 ocelli, which are traversed by a subdorsal line and sometimes are obsolete, on the back a median line 



