296 DRYMONIA. Bj^ Dr. K. Grunberg. 



ocelli absent. Forewing rather broad, the distal margin oblique, moderately curved, united in a curve with 

 the hind marghi, the latter straight, usually smooth and without a tooth of scales, or this tooth only feebly 

 developed; vein 6 together with the stalk of 7, 8, 9, 10 from the upper cell-angle oi; 6 from the stalk of 7 — 10; 

 usually no areole. Hindwing broad, distal and abdominal margins evenly rounded; veins 6 and 7 on a very 

 long stalk. Hair long on thorax and legs, short on abdomen. Hind tibia with mid- and end-spurs. ■ — Larva 

 elongate cylindrical, similar to Noctuid larvae, naked, bearing onlj' dispersed, single, miniite hairs, smooth 

 and without tubercles, as far as known green with coloured lateral stripe; 16 feet; two broods. Pupation on or 

 in the ground. Pupa with spinose anal end. — ^ A relatively large number of species of Drymonia are known from, 

 the Palearctic Region, the greater proportion, however, being restricted to East Asia, no less than 8 occurring 

 in Japan. The scheme of markings of all the species is characterised bj^ the presence of a pale or dark, simple 

 or double precliscal dentate band and a similar postdiscal one. 

 vUlata. D. vittata Stgr. (= streckfussi Honr.) (45 f ). Light brownish grey. Forewmg with a distinct hindmar- 



ginal tooth of black scales and a sharp black longitudinal band m the posterior half, commencing at the base, 

 running parallel with the hind margin and being forked before the distal margin; veins black in the distal mar- 

 ginal area. Both wmgs with diffuse black fringe-spots. Underside whitish grey. — Carniolia (Wippach), end 

 of Ma3% Southern Asia Minor (Taurus). Hitherto only a few specimens known, the species being one of the 

 rarest Lepidoptera of Europe. Early stages still unknown. 

 lineaia. D. lineata Oberth. (45 d). Thorax ashy grey, collar and patagia with black edges, abdomen brown- 



grey. Forewing with broad obtuse tooth at hind margin, dark ashy grey, with 2 parallel black oblique bands 

 before the middle, sharp black discal spot which is continued as a blackish band, a black postdiscal band which 

 forms an angle of 90" at vein 4 and is strongly curved posteriorly, the anterior portion being surrounded by 

 a broad whitish shade; a diffuse submarginal band sharply dentate. Hindwing whitish grej'. — Southern Ussuri 

 district and Japan. 

 querna. D. querna F. (45 e). Body and forewing dark grey-brown, the latter with a slight reddish violet tone 



and shar|jly marked white lunule at apex of cell; before and again after the centre a black transveree line, the 

 proximal one straight and only in front of hind margin curved outwai'd, the distal one dentate with white edge, from 

 which extend short black vein-streaks towards the margin; a light submarginal line undulate. Hind\\-ing white 

 in (J, of a brownish tint in $. Sporadical in Central Europe; Portiigal, North Italy, Dalmatia. Absent from 

 England. — Larva green, with numerous minute whitish spots and approximated whitish subdorsal lines; on 

 a level with the black-margined spiracles a red-edged longitudinal stripe which is interrupted at the segmental 

 incisions; head greenish. May- June and August-October on Oak-bushes. Pupa black, in the ground in a cell 

 lined with silk. 

 nigra- D. tiigrotamosa Christ. (49 d). Light grey-brown, forewing with 2 sharp black transverse dentate lines, 



ramosa. j^^p prediscal one being vertical and the postdiscal one white-edged on the outer side and anteriorly broadly 

 excised on the inner side; in between the bands a large white spot in front of the hind margin; dark spots at the 

 extremities of the veins. Hindwing white in ^ with brownish distal margin, entirely brownish in $. ■ — Southern 

 Transcaspia (Tekke, Nuchur). 

 manleyi. D. matileyi Leech (45 d). Forewing whitish grey, with numerous dispersed bro^ni scales and a dark 



chocolate transverse band before as well as beyond the centre, the proximal band the broader one, vertical 

 and intense in colour, the postdiscal one narrow, dentate and strongly excurved beyond the cell; a large dark 

 hindmarginal spot between base and first band. Hindwing grey-brown with narrow dark median band. — 

 Japan; at Yokohama in September and October not rare at the light, presumably also early in summer. 



irimacula. D. trimacula Esp. (= dodonaea Frr.) (45 f, as dodonaea). Forewing whitish grey, with 2 black basal 



dots, a broad transverse band which is constricted in the middle and proximally edged with blackish scaling, 

 and a distal dark dentate band which is broad at the costal margin, tapers to the hind margin and forms an 

 intensely black-brown angle-mark on vehi 2; distal margin with sharp dark brown spots. Hindwing grej'- 

 albida. brown. The scheme of markings of the forewing somewhat recalls Cerum. ab. albida Mebel belongs to true tri- 

 trmcula; the whole median area of the forewing is uniformly white apart from the two bands. ^ — In the southern 



dodonaea. districts predominates a uniformly darker coloured and usually somewhat smaller form, dodonaea Hhn. (45 d, 

 as trimacula), ground-colour blackish grey-brown, only the outer half of the median area forming a white band, 

 which is traversed by a blackish Ime accompanying the outer dark band. The extreme of this form is represent- 

 fusca. ed by ab. fusca Bebel, in which the forewing is uniformly black-grey without markings. — Central Europe 

 eastward to Moscow, the Carjjathian and the Transsylvanian Mts., North and Central Italy, Greece, Arme- 

 nia, Eastern Asia, Ussuri district and Japan. — The form which represents the species in Eastern Asia, the 



dodonides. southern Ussuri district and Japan, dodonides Stgr. (45 e), likewise differs from dodonaea in the uniformly 

 darker colouring; moreover, the outer transverse band and the proximal edge of the inner one are essentially 

 more deeply dentate. — Egg pale greenish, minutely punctured. Larva glossy light groen, with 2 dorsal whitish 

 longitudinal lines and a yellow stripe on a level with the spiracles, the stripe often spotted M'ith red in full-fed 

 specimens. June — August, on Oak and Birch, during the day concealed in the crevices of the bark. Pupa 

 black-brown, with 4 small hooks at the anal end; in a silk-lined cell in the ground. — In Southern Ger- 



