306 LOPHONTOSIA; LOPHOPTERYX. By Dr. K. GRiJNBERO. 



the outer one indicated, being represented by black vein-spots which bear each a white dot ; along the distal 

 margin dark arcs filled in with white. Hindwing somewhat lighter than the fore\\ing, with darkened anal angle 

 and a narrow diffuse whitish median band. Central Europe, sporadic and rare, as for as Southern Scandinavia, 

 southward to North-East Spain and Northern Italy, eastward to Southern Russia and the eastern parts of the 

 Canjathian Mts. ; is absent from Lower Austria and South-East Europe. — In Norway the species is represented 

 nordlan- bj^ a somewhat different form, nordlandica Strand (described from Saltdalen in Nordland); it is smaller, and 

 diea. j^j^g ground-colour is more grey, without the reddish rust torte; the transverse bands and the costal spots are 

 very distinct, especially the latter are prominently black and white. — Egg I)luish white, minutely dotted with 

 fuscous. Larva yellowish green, on the back with numerous low prominences which are more yellow and arranged 

 on the whole in 4 longitudinal rows, the spiracles intensely black, each bearing a dark vivid red spot; the stig- 

 mata of the anterior and posterior segments, moreover, connected by a whitish longitudinal streak, which 

 is absent from the median segments. June — August, on the top-branches of Birches. Pupa black-brown, 

 in a cell in the ground slightly lined with silk. Moth April — May. 



sieversi. 0. sieversi Men. (46 g). Differs from airmelitu, apart from the long pectinations of the i^-antenna, 



in the forewing being lighter and more evenly suffused with white-grey, the median area between the two whitish 

 transverse bands dark brownish grey and strongly narrowed towards hind margin ending at the blackish brown 

 tooth of scales. — Only known from the eastern parts of Central Europe, Silesia, Galicia, Moravia, and distributed 

 over South and Central Russia to Livonia. Also in East Asia (Amur and Ussuri districts). Egg milky white 

 with brown pole. Larva similar to that of 0. carmelita, yellowish green, instead of the prominences with 4 con- 

 tinuous yellow dorsal longitudinal stripes. The black stigmata connected with one another by a yellowish red 

 stripe. In May on Birch, grows fast and already pupates the end of the same month. Pupa dark brown, in a 

 rather dense cocoon on the ground. The moth appears the next spring. Lately the species has frequently been 

 bred from the egg, and it has thereby been observed that the larva thrives best when fed only with quite freshly 

 developed, young, leaves. But even then rearing from the egg is often unsuccessful. 



28i Genus: lioplioiitosia Stgr. 



Nearest to Odontosia and the following genus Lophopteryx, differing from both in the more strongly 

 developed palpi, which distinctly reach above the frons, and the very smoothly scaled thorax. The ^J-antenna 

 has rather long pectinations, but these are shorter than in Odontosia sieversi. Very characteristic is the anal 

 marking on the hindwing. — The genus comprises only one East-Asiatic species. 



cuculus. L- cuculus Stgr. (46 d, 49 b). Forewing dirty brownish or grey, the pre- and postdiscal bands black, 



strongly dentate, the area between them dark grey, the tooth of scales black. Hindwing brownish grey, with 

 a black bar before the anal angle interrupted by 2 white spots. — Southern Ussuri district (Sidemi); Japan. 

 The figure 46 d represents on unusually grey specimen; more frequent are brownish grey or brown specimens, 

 like 49 b. 



29. Genus : l^opliopteryx Steph. 



Allied to Odontosia. Antennae serrate in (J with long cilia, in ? the teeth very faintly indicated. Palpi 

 somewhat projecting beyond the hair of the frons. Proboscis present. Eyes slightly hairy, ocelli absent. Thorax 

 with a broad, higli erect crest of scales. Legs with long and dense wool. Abdomen with short hair, in ^ with 

 some lateral tufts before apex. Hind tibia with mid- and end-spurs. Forewing somewhat broader than in Orfo??7o- 

 sia, with sharper apex and more strongly dentate margin, but the tooth at vein 4 absent; hind margin somewhat 

 surved, with a broad jjoiiited tooth of scales ; venation as in Odontosia, but the stalk of vein 6 is very short, 

 and stalk of 6 and 7 in the liindwing is also essentially shorter. — Larva cylindrical, with 16 feet, naked, only 

 clothed Avith single long hairs or sparse tufts, on segment 8 of abdomen a single or double tubercle. When at 

 rest the fore and hind parts are raised. Pupa with or without spines at the anal end. 



camelina. L. canielina L. {'I = capucina L.) (46 g). Thorax and forewing reddish grey, the ground lighter or 



darker, the two transverse bands narrow, black and very sharply dentate, strongly approximated at the tooth 

 of scales of the hind margin; beyond the postdiscal band a whitish submarginal band, often but feebly indicated. 

 Hindwing paler, yellowish brown or greyish brown, with black anal spot traversed by a transverse whitish 

 line, and with a slightly indicated pale postdiscal band. Distributed from Northern Spain and Central Italy through- 



giraffina. out Europe, northward to Scotland and Scandinavia, eastward tlu'oughout Siberia to Corea and Japan. — giraffina 

 Hbn. is a dark form with the ground-colour of the forewing red-brown to blackish ; it occurs throughout the dis- 

 tribution-area of camelinn, being rare in the West, but commoner in Japan. — Egg strongly globose, whitish. 

 Larva at first green with glossy black head and numerous deep black dots which bear long hairs. Fullfed 

 greenish to pale brown-red; on abdominal segment 8 two dark red pointed tubercles. Stigmata black, behind 

 each a red spot. May — ^September on various deciduous trees, particularly Birch and Limxe, at first gregarious. 

 At rest the head is raised in Spliinx-shape. Pupa dark red-brown, the pointed anal end with several thin spines; 



