PTILOPHORA. By Dr. K. Grunberg. 309 



August, from the Baltic provinces of Russia northward only one brood, May — June. — The fomi from Lap- 

 land, lapponica Teich, is uniformly dark grey-brown, the light median band of the hindwing absent. — A like- lapponica. 

 wise dark form is known from the Black Sea and Southern Siberia (Hi), being presumably more Mddely distri- 

 buted in Central Asia; this is pontica^S'l/r., in which the light band of the hindwing is scarcely indicated. — Egg poniica. 

 strongly globose, whitish green with darker sjiot at the pole. Larva light bluish green, with 6 rows of raised 

 white dots, 4 being dorsal and 2 lateral. Above the spiracles a white longitudinal stripe which is anteriorly 

 tliinly edged with fuscous, at the prothoracical stigma a red streak. May to October on Poplar, Oak, Lime 

 and Salix. Pupa dark red-brown. The moth is very common and usually settles on the bark of Poplars or 

 Willows on such spots where the light wood appears through the damaged bark, the moth having the same 

 colour as such light spots. The pencilling of the wings, which are held in steep roof-shape, render the specimen 

 exactly similar to a splinter of wood, of which the palpi represent the split end, the resemblance being especially 

 striking in a pair in copula. 



P. grisea Brem. (= ab. brunnea Graes.) (47a; doubtful, if belonging to grisea'l). This species de- grisea. 

 scribed from theUssuri is not yet sufficiently known. G-raeser evidently confounded it with sinica, Moore while 

 Leech placed it as a synonym to palpina L. According to the description the insect differs from palpina as 

 well as from the certainly closely allied sinica in the light rust-brown hind margin and the light ochreous 

 lobe of scales of the forewing, from palpina, moreover, in being much larger, agreeing with sinica in size and 

 according to the figure also in the great width of the tooth of scales. The ground-colour is grey-brown ; the 

 hindwing bears a light transverse band. — Whether the larva described by Graeser as that of grisea belongs 

 to this species or to sinica remains also doubtful. 



P. sinica Moore (= gigantina Stgr.) (47 a, b). Larger than palpina, varying like this in the ground- sinica. 

 colour from light straw-colour to dark grey-brown ; mostly easily recognized by the large tooth of scales at the 

 hind margin of the forewing. A less reliable difference is the presence of a third (subbasal) transverse band, 

 as this band is by no means always developed and, moreover, occasionally also occurs in jialpina; unreliable 

 is further the light colouring of the lobe of scales, for this tooth is sometimes as dark as in palpina. The above- 

 mentioned red-brown colouring of the hind margin of the forewing in grisea is for the present the only difference 

 known between that species and sinica. — At the same localities a light form and a dark one occur, which 

 differ in the ^^ particularly in the hindwing of the dark form being deep black-brown. It is not improbable 

 that these forms are seasonal. As the name sinica Moore refers to the light form, gigantina Stgr. might be saved 

 for the dark brood, as the author describes the hindwing as being usually dark blackish grey. — The larva is very 

 different from that of palpina, yellowish green, with a broad light yellow lateral stripe. It feeds according to 

 Graeser on Maackia amurensis, not on Poplar, and L. KLAPHECK,who bred the species several times, confirms 

 this remarkable occurrence on a kind of tree widely different from the Saliceae. — Distributed and not rare 

 in Amurland, Northern China, southward to Shanghai, especially near Tsingtau, Pekin and in Jen-chou-fu; 

 said to occur also in Japan. 



33. Genus: Ptilopliora Steph. 



Antennae in ^ with remarkably long branches, in $ thin, setiform, with short teeth and bundles of 

 short cilia. Palpi short, completely concealed in the hair. Proboscis vestigial. Eyes naked; no ocelli. Head, 

 thorax and legs with very long wool, hair of abdomen shorter. Legs rather weak; hind tibia with short end- 

 spurs. Wings thinly scaled, transparent; forewing elongate, costal margin quite straight in ^, slight convex 

 in $, distal margui strongly oblique, evenly rounded, hind margin shallowly incurved in (J, with smooth edge 

 in $, the wing therefore appearmg somewhat broader in $, before the middle with a broad tooth formed by 

 the marginal hairs, which are especially long in ths (^; vein 6 from upper cell-angle, 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked toge- 

 ther, 10 immediately beyond cell. Hindwing rounded-triangular, veins 6 and 7 on a very long stalk. — Larva 

 slender, naked, Noctuid-like, without any tubercles; 16 feet. 



P. plumigera E-<p. (47 g). Body and forewing light brownish red, the latter with a postdiscal whitish plumirjera. 

 dentate band, variegated with grey in the ^J. Hindwhig paler grey, with a slight reddish suffusion. Central 

 Europe, common in some jalaces, northward to Southern Scandinavia, southward to Northern Italy, tlu'oughout 

 Northern Asia, and in Japan on the main island as well as in the Hokaido. On the wing only in the antumn, 

 October — -December, in exceptional cases, when a strong frost set in very early, not found before February. 

 — Egg strongly globose, the pole flattened, dark brown with light rmgs; deposited on buds, and hibernates. 

 Larva light yellowish green or pale yellowish, with darker dorsal line edged with white; at the sides two white 

 lines, of which the lower one is placed on a level with the stigmata. Until July on Acer campestris, much 

 more rarely an other deciduous trees (Fagus silvatica, Prunus); usually common where the food-plant is abun- 

 dant, so that young trees are often badly decimated. Pupa dark brown, with black spots, the anal end pointed ; 

 in a silk-lined cell in the ground. 



P. kashgara Moore. Body greyish brown, abdomen brown with black apex, segments 1 — -3 with kashgara. 



