PALIMPSESTIS. By W. Warren. 327 



lower end of discocellular. Larva living concealed between united leaves; head large, rounded; body smooth, 

 flabby. Type P. ocularis L. 



P. fluctuosa Hhn. (49 h). Porcwing pale brownish tinged grey; a broad dark fuscous cential band /i«c<uosa. 

 including the median and outer lines, limited on both sides by a wliitc conversely black-edged hue; subterminal 

 line whitish, waved, preceded on costa by an oblique dark streak; hindwing grey, with paler outer line. Larva 

 yellowish white; dorsal, subdorsal, and lateral lines fuscous; head reddish ochreous with some brown spots; 

 feeding between united leaves of birch. A local species, rare in Britain; found in Scandinavia, and N. Russia; 

 also in South and South East Russia. 



P. duplaris L. (= bipuncta Bkh., bicolor Esp., undosa Hhn.) (49 h). Differs from fluctuosa in the duplaris. 

 band being less conspicuous, paler at centre, and with darker lines towards the edges; the white limiting lines 

 less prominent; instead of the dark streak before subterminal line at costa a dark oblique streak from apex; 

 on the discocellular are placed two black spots one at each end. Larva dull dirty grey, darker, more fuscous, 

 on dorsum; dorsal line dark; subdorsal broad, olive green; lateral line finely yellowish; the dots black; head 

 red brown; feeding between united leaves of alder and birch. Occurs throughout North and Central Europe, 

 in N. Italy, Russia, and the Altai Mts., W. Siberia. In the al>. argentea Tutt the ground colour is silvery white, argeniea. 

 the luies very distinct; N. England, and Ireland; in ab. obscura Tult, from Scotland, the forewing is unicolorous obscura. 

 leaden grey with the base and the subterminal line faintly paler; like the latter, but powdery grey without 

 any brown admixture, is a form from the Swiss Alps and the Pyrenees, ab. pulverosa ab. nov. (56a), the basal pulverosa. 

 area and subterminal line alone showing pale from the dull grey ground colour. 



P. or F. (= flavicornis Auriv.) 49 f). Forewing pale to dark grey, tinged with fuscous; lines blackish; or. 

 the subbasal double; the inner and outer bigeminate, diverging towards costa, sometimes obscured and almost 

 hidden by tho dark suffusion; orbicular stigma small, pale, often obsolete; reniform 8-shaped, pale; subter- 

 minal line interrupted, formed of whitish, black-edged spots; au oblique black dash from apex; hindwing grey; 

 the ab. scotica Tutt, from Scotland and other northern localities, has the ground colour pale silvery grey; — • scotica. 

 terrosa Graes. from Amurland and Central Asia) (49 h) presents a uniformly dull brown appearance, with all the terrosa. 

 markings inconspicuous and the stigmata obsolete; flavistigniata Tutt fro.m Scotland has the stigmata filled flavistig- 

 in with yellow; in the ab. albingensis Warn. (49 f) the ground colour is blackish grey and the two stigmata con- '"^^■ 

 spicuously white; in unimaculata Jwrii'. the orbicular stigma, often small and subobsolete, is entirely wanting; unimacu- 

 yet another aberration — discolor ab. nov. (56 a) has both wings dull brown grey, with the markings blurred, the lita. 

 stigmata usually plain ; 1 $, 3 (JcJ of this form stood in the Feldee Collection among the European examples, "'*^''"'- 

 but without exact locality. Larva greenish white, with dark dorsal and yellow spiracular lines; head reddish 

 ochreous; feeding between united leaves of poplar. Found in North and Central Europe, S. W. France, N. 

 Italy, S. E. Russia, and Armenia. 



P. ocularis L. (= octoge,«ima Hbn., octogena Esp. (49 g). Forewing pale grey, with a rosy brown ocularis. 

 tinge when fresh ; subbasal line double, grey ; inner and outer lines double, the inner arm of each black, the 

 outei fuscous, towards costa parallel; a fine dark line before the inner and beyond the outer line; the former 

 marked with a blackish spot; stigmata white, the orbicular anmdar, the reniform 8-shaped; subterminal 

 line pale; an oblique black apical dash; hindwing grey, with pale outer fascia; — subsp. amurensis B. Haas amurensis. 

 (56 a) is smooth whitish grey, banded with darker grey; the lines limiting median area black and double, some- 

 times filled in with black; the hindwing with pale outer curved band; the forewing shows no trace of rosy or 

 brown coloration. Larva waxy white; the spiracles reddish; head yellowish with black spots; feeding be- 

 twe?n united leaves of aspen. Pupa in an open network cocoon among leaves. The imago is very shy, but 

 may be taken at sugar on the aspen trunks. Occurs throughout North and Central Europe, in Spain, France, 

 Italy, Corsica, Sardinia, Asia Minor, Armenia, Fergana, Dauria, N. E. Siberia, Amurland, Corea. 



P. tancrei Graes. (49 g). Forewing ash grey; inner and outer lines black, concise; the inner nearer base tancrei. 

 on costa than in ocularis L., the oiiter nearer the termen; the median space is thus broader than in ocularis; 

 before inner line a dark grey band inwardly limited by a blackish line, and traversed by another line less conspi- 

 cuous ; beyond it a pale darker-edged line ; a similar line before outer line, rising from a whitish costal patch ; 

 reniform stigma whitish grey, with fine black outline; orbicular obsolete; a faint grey median shade; subter- 

 miiuxl line pale, obscure, wavy ; at anal angle a large roundish whitish grej^ patch ; the space between outer and 

 subterminal hnes darker; hindwing pale grey, with a pale curved outer hne. Amurland. 



P. ornata Leech (^ 56 b, $ 49 g). Forewing greyish brown, especially at base and along costa; inner ornata. 

 band of central fascia formed by 4 dark wavy lines; its inner border curved and crenulate; the outer elbowed 

 at subcostal vein and indented above inner margin ; the central fascia above inner margin greyish white ; outer 

 line lunulate dentate, double, and angled outwards in middle, followed by a pale band limited externally by 

 a hmulate dentate line; subterminal line pale, dentate, curving from apex to anal angle; terminal lunules black; 

 tufts of raised black scales at base and on orbicular stigma; the reniform edged with white; hindwing fuscous, 

 darker terminally; the ab. unicolor Leech is darker and without any trace of central fascia, the only visible unieolor. 

 markings being the basal dash and submarginal band. Japan. 



