38G * SYNANTHEDON. By M. Hartei,. 



district, Transcaucasia and Northern Asia Minor. In Greece occurs a form in which the outer area of the fore- 

 gmeca. wing is golden yellow and the abdominal segments 2 and 3 are more or less dusted with red : graeca Stgr. A larger 

 derjans. S^'^rian form, elegans Led. (50 g), which has also been found in Egyjit and Spain, is distinguished by the ^dng 

 borders being broader and their scahng darker, particularly the outer border of the forewing broader and the 

 scaling on the cross-vein of the hindwing stronger; the larva of tliis form in Egypt also in Apple-trees. — ■ Larva 

 18 — ^24 mm long, light wax-yellow or whitish grey, with a reddish suffusion; the dorsal vessel shining through 

 reddish, the sides bearing single thin dark small hairs. Stigmata black. Head and pronotal plate dark brown- 

 red. Lives under the bark, more rarely in branches, particularly in Apple (Pirns mains), more rarely Pear (P. com- 

 munis). Mountain Ash (P. aucuparia). Cherry (Prunus ccrasus), Plum (Prunus domestica). Apricot (P. ai-meniaca), 

 and also in Hawthorn (Crataegus), chiefly in sickly trees in cancerous places, between the bark and wood. It 

 is an annual, and throws out but little or no frass; pupation from the end of April until the end of June in 

 a slight cocoon made of gnawed bark; the clu-ysalis long and brownish yellow. The moths appear from the 

 end of May until the end of August. 



. iiralensis. S. uralensis Bartel (52 b). Similar to myopaeformis, but without the white bands in front of the e^-es 



and a narrower median spot on the forewing; the costal margin of the forewing yellowish beneath. Antennae 

 uniformly black. Palpi black, yellowish on inside. Abdominal segment 4 red above and beneath; the last 3 

 segments likewise red beneath, the colour decreasing in intensity posteriorly. Anal tuft ((J) black, laterally at the 

 ape.x mixed with with red-yellow, beneath red-yellow. Legs black, tibiae and tarsi with broad yellow rings. 

 Distinguishable from culiciformis, apart from the cUfferent palpi, by the abdomen, anal tuft and the absence 

 of red scaling at the base of the forewing. — ■ Uralsk, middle of July, 2 ^,^. 



lalischmsis. S. talischensis Bartel. Expanse 21 mm, length of forewing 10 mm (J). Of the size of S. culiciformis, 



but somewhat more broad-winged and of stouter build. Forewing with the borders and veins deep black, without 

 red colouring at the base. The median spot almost twice as broad as in culiciformis, and proximally somewhat 

 oblique. The outer vitreous patch very large, the upper partition not sliifted basad as in culiciformis, the outer 

 edge of the vitreous patch therefore being straight. The marginal area, broader, entirely black, without the 

 coppery sheen of culiciformis. The fringes of both wings also darker than in that species, likewise the narrow 

 border of the hindwing and the much stronger central lunule. On the underside of the wings the scaled parts 

 black, only the costal margin of the forewing and the very thin costal margin of the hindwing are slightly yellow. 

 It is noteworthy that the outer margin is dark in this species and the colouring of the costal margins not inclines 

 towards red. Body black. Palpi red, black on outside. Antenna (broken in type) somewhat stronger than in 

 S. culiciformis, with rather longer cilia, above slightly lighter before the tip. Abdomen with the red belt much 

 narrower and not dilated at the sides; moreover, the red lateral streak is absent from the anterior segments. 

 Legs black, only the tarsi irrorated with dirty yellow; hind tarsi with a but very slightly prominent yellowish 

 ring at the base. Breast with red lateral spot. Anal tuft very long, particularly laterally. S. talischensis is 

 avery peculiar species. It agrees neither with culiciformis, from wliich it differs in the absence of the red colouring 

 at the base of the forewing, in the broad median spot of the same wing, the antennae bearing a white spot 

 before the apex, etc., nor with the other species with red belt and red-spotted breast. The red palpi with black 

 stripe and the white-spotted antenna distinguish the species easily from S. luctuosa and duplex. The former 

 character at once separates the species from S. myopaeformis and pipiziformis Led.; the very narrow simple 

 abdominal belt and uniformly black anal tuft are good characters distinguishing it from S. typhiaeformis and 

 cruentata. It is separated from S. uralensis by the red palpi, the broad median spot of the forewing, the uni- 

 formly black anal tuft, etc. S. myopaeformis, luctuosa, typhiaeformis, cruentata and pipiziformis, moreover, 

 have white spots in front of the eyes. — • Transcaucasia (Lenkoran, June 30. 1897, on Alder, collected by Korb). 

 Type in coll. Bohatsch, Vienna. 



luctuosa. S. luctuosa Led. Allied to myopaeformis, but the blue black borders of the forewing very broad, and 



the vitreous patches consequently very small. Outer vitreous area strongly reduced, rounded, composed of 3 

 partitions only; transverse band of forewing twice as broad as in myopaeformis. Hindwing always \vith an 

 extraordinarily broad outer border and on the cross-vein with a thick spot of even width. Palpi steel-blue. The 

 red belt of abdominal segment 4 does not reach so far on to the ventral side as in myopaeformis. and segment 

 is always dark beneath in the ^. Anal tuft and legs steel-blue; tarsi with light-colom-ed rings in the (^. — • 

 North- Western Asia Minor (Brussa), Smyrna, Cyprus, and Syria, in June; questionably also at Constantinople. 



rluplcr. S. duplex Stgr. Similar to luctuosa and like that species with the black borders of the forewing broad 



and tlie vitreous patches small; the longitudinal vitreous patch absent and the wedge-spot strongly reduced. 

 Oater \atreous area only containing 3 partitions. Outer area with some pale scales. Distal margin of hindwing 

 not broader than in myopaeformis, but the bar of scales on the cross-vein broader. Body black' Palpi with 

 long and rough hair. Abdomen above with the entire segment 4 and the greater jjortion of 6 yellowish red. 

 Beneath only a few red scales in the dark gromid at the apex of segment 4 or at the sides of 5. Anal tuft 



