134 ON THE CATERPILLARS 



tached to the extremity of the underside of the last segment 

 of the body, which is flattened beneath. The larva disap- 

 pears at the end of July, and the brilliant imago does not 

 appear till the following May, almost regularly making its 

 appearance in the last week of that month ; the intervening 

 period is doubtless passed under ground. 



The habits of the larvse of the codling moth or apple 

 Tortrix are familiar to everyone. But many will be 

 surprised to hear, that the economy of a species of saw-fly 

 exactly agrees with that of the moth above-mentioned. 

 At the end of June and beginning of July I observed many 

 young apples, not larger than walnuts, and not more than 

 one-fourth of their full size, fallen to the ground ; the interior 

 of each was worm-eaten, and in most cases the enemy had 

 made its escape from the apple. However, by collecting 

 some which had but recently fallen, T found the larva? 

 inside the apple, and thus ascertained that it does not eat its 

 way out of the apple whilst the fruit remains on the tree, 

 and then crawl down the trunk of the tree to go into the 

 earth, but that, like the fruit-eating Tortrix larvae, it waits 

 patiently until the fruit falls, and then eats its way out and 

 buries itself in the earth, where it forms its cocoon, remaining 

 inactive till the following year, when, about the middle of 

 the month of May, the perfect insect may be seen flying 

 amongst the blossoms, on which they settle, and I observed 

 one of the females in the act of depositing her egg within 

 the bloom. The perfect insect is the Tenthredo testudinea of 

 Klug and Stephens. 



Of course it would be possible to extend, to a much 

 greater length, instances of similarity in habits of economy 

 between the larvas of the saw-flies and those of JjejjidojJtera, 

 but the foregoing must suffice for the present. 



