31 



VoGLiN'o (V.). Prn.<;palteUa herlesci against Diaspis pentagona in 

 Piedmont in 1915.— 1 7iternat. Rev. Science & Practice Agric., 

 Mthhj. Bull. Agrtc. hitell. <£• PI. Di.^., Rome, vii, no. 6, June 1910, 

 pp. 905-90*j. [Abstract from Relazione del Direltore, Osservatorio 

 Autonomo di Fitopatologia, Torino, 191t), 16 pp. J [Received 

 10th November 1916.] 



This report deals with the control of Aidacaspis {Diaspis) pentagoyia 

 in Piedmont in 1915 [see this Review, Ser. A, iii, p. 251]. In the spring 

 304,700 mulberry twigs covered with Prospaltella berlesei were dis- 

 tributed. As a result mulberries have thriven almost everywhere, 

 and P. berlesei limits the scale-infestation in a great many places. 

 In very wet locahties, where the conditions were higlily favourable to 

 the scale, the beneficial effect of P. berlesei was most noticeable. 

 A. pentagona multiplied with facility on certain pruned mulberries, 

 and on these the action of P. berlesei was generally less effective. 

 The spread of the Chalcid is not sufficient to stop scale-infestation in 

 a short time and in some regions it is neces.sary to further its dis- 

 semination by artificial means. Numerous and extensive breeding 

 centres of P. berlesei now exist in Piedmont for the purpose of supplying 

 parasitised material. In order to enable the para.site to exercise its 

 beneficial infiuence on the mulberries, it is essential that normal 

 pruning should be carried out every two to four years. Where the 

 parasite has been distributed, the branches must never be cut before 

 the month of March and cut branches should always be left bound 

 together in bundles in the fields or on the trees. In the case of peaches 

 and various ornamental trees attacked by the scale, a thorough 

 distribution of P. berleJiei should not absolve growers from carrying out 

 a careful winter cleaning of the trunks and branches. In all parts of 

 'Piedmont the Coccinellid, Chilocorus bipttstulalus, was also found to be 

 an active destroyer of this scale. 



VoGLiNO (P.). The Life-History and Control of the Vine Moths, Con- 

 chylis awbigueJla and PnUivhrosis b(Ar(ina : Observations made in 

 1914 by the Plant Diseases Observatory of Turin, Italy. Internal. 

 Rev. Science & Practice Agric, MtJily. Bull. Agric. Intell. & PL 

 Dis., Rome, vii, no. 6, June 1916, pp. 900-908. [Abstract from 

 Boll. Minist. Agricoltura, Industria e Commercio, Rome, Year xiv, 

 Ser. B, ii, no. 1-2, pp. 21-38.] [Received 10th November 1916.] 



lu 1914 the observations on the life-history of Clysia ambiguclla and 

 Polychrosis botrana begun in the previous year [see this Review, Ser. A, 

 ii, p. 666] were continued in Piedmont, the fife-history of 6*. ambiguella 

 becoming the chief object of attention, though further information was 

 obtained regarding P. botrana, which is the more injurious species in 

 that region. In the different vine-growing localities cages were erected, 

 measuring 7 ft. 10 in. by 3 ft. 11 in. and 7 ft. 9 in. in height and made 

 of wire gauze ^^^th meshes of 2 mm. sustained by massive wooden 

 frames. Each cage enclosed one or two vines, and was provided witfi 

 a maximum and minimum thermometer, a barometer and a hygro- 

 meter. Smaller cages covered with wire gauze were also used. The 

 material obtained by this means was forwarded periodically to Turin. 

 The investigations are described in detail, the following being some of 

 the conclusions drawn : — The life-cycle of C. ambiguella and P. botrana 



