35 



AVaiil (R. 0.). Notes on some common Insect Pests of the Vegetable 

 Garden. — Iniinn of *s\/(///i Aj'riai Dcpt. Ayric, Pretoria, no. 14, 

 1916, pp. 19-24. 

 A short account of the life-histories and control of the common 

 insect pests in South African gardens is given. The follo\nng poison 

 bait is advised for cutworms : 1 lb. of arsenitc of soda dissolved in 

 10 gals, of water, and mixed with 8 lb. of treacle or brown sugar, is used 

 to moisten lucerne or barley chati which is then scattered broadcast on 

 the land. If the seedUngs are already planted, this bait is placed round 

 each plant, taking care to avoid touching it. For the small cabbage 

 moth, PluteUa macuJipennif;, Curt, {crucijerarum, Z.) parafHn 

 emulsion and red oil in the proportion of 1 : 32, or even weaker, is 

 recommended. For cabbage Aphids resin or nicotine wash are most 

 successful. All cruciferous plants should be removed as soon as the 

 crop is harvested. The bug, Bagrada hilaris, which is one of the most 

 formidable pests, attacks cereals as well as cruciferous plants and may 

 be destroyed with a red oil enuilsion. If only hard water is obtainable, 

 ! oz. of washing soda should be added to every 4 gals. The maize stalk 

 l>orcr {Buss('oJ<i {Scsaniia) fusra, Hiiip.) may be controlled bv destroy- 

 ing the ])lants immediately the cobs are removed, taking care that all 

 pupae and caterpillars in the stems are killed. No plants should be 

 allowed to remain through the winter. Both for this moth and for 

 Heliothis obsolela, F. (armigera, Hb.), ploughing during the winter 

 months, so as to expose the pupae to frost, is recommended. Beetles 

 of the genus Mi/hbris may be treated by spraying with arsenate of lead 

 or Paris green, but a better method is to collect them by hand in the 

 morning or evening and drop them into boiling water or paraffin. 

 Against the potato tuber moth [PJdhorimaea (Gekchia) ojierculella), 

 preventive measures must be adopted. Sound tubers should be stored 

 before the sun has set and the moths are on the wing, and the entire 

 crop should be removed as soon as it is ready to dig. Frequent 

 cultivation, removing infested tops, deep planting and compact ridging 

 will help to prevent infestation. Infested tubers may be fumigated 

 with carbon bisulphide in air-tight rooms using 8 lb. or 5 pints of 

 bisulphide to 1,000 cubic feet of air space. Infested tubers should 

 not be used for seed. 



Caesar (L.) & Howitt (J. E.). The more important Insects and 

 Diseases attacking Peach 1t%qs.— Ontario Dept. Agric, Fruit Branch 

 Hortic. Expt. Sta., Toran^o, Bull. 241, July 1916, pp. 41-51, 7 figs. 

 [Received 20th November 1916.] 



This article contains a popular accoimt of the following pests of 

 peach trees : — San Jose scale {Aspidiotus perniciosus) ; peach tree 

 borer {Aegeria {Sayininoidea) exitiosa) ; lesser peach-tree borer {Aegeria 

 (Sesia) piclipes) ; plum-tree curculio {Conotrachelus nenuphar) ; and 

 the fruit-tree bark-beetle or shot-hole borer {Scolytus {Eccoptogaster) 

 rugnlosus). The usual control measures are advised. 



The second part of the article deals with various diseases of peach 

 trees and their control measures. These include peach yellows, 

 peach leaf curl {Exoascus deformans), \iXO'^n.xot{SclerotiniaJructigena), 

 peach scab or black spot {Cladosporium carpophilum), powdery 

 mildew {Sphaerolheca pannosa), crown gall {Pseudotnonas tumefasdens), 

 and canker or gummosis of peach trees. 



{C.336) c2 



