133 



Northern Africa, dating back to 1888. Up to 1914 the methods 

 employed for locust control were based on the Enghsh method used in 

 Cyprus and the American methods. These comprised the raising of 

 barriers and the digging of ditches, lined wath sheets of zinc bent over 

 at the top so as to prevent the locusts from getting out of them when 

 once they have fallen in, and the use of sprays and baits. In 1914 and 

 1915 a series of experiments were made with CoccobaciUus acridiorum, 

 reports of which have already been abstracted [see this Review, Ser. A, 

 iv, pp. 44, 45, 351, etc.]. 



Kraus (R.). Experiments in Locust Control by Means of CoccobaciUus 

 acridiorum in Argentine. — Mthhj. Bidl. Agric. Intell. <& PL Bis., 

 Rome, vii. no. 9, September' 1916, pp. 1383-1384. (Abstract 

 from Centralbl.fur BaJct., Parasit. u. Infehtionskr., Jena, xlv, no. 

 18-25, 19th June 1916, pp. 594-599.) [Received 3rd January 

 1917.] 



Experiments with CoccobaciUus acridiorum, conducted in Argentina 

 by a commission appointed by the Ministry of Agriculture, have led 

 to the following conclusions : — (1) It is not possible to produce in the 

 open field the epidemic infection and death of young locusts by spraying 

 with a culture of this organism, the virulence of which has been 

 increased by successive passages ; (2) the organism is a normal 

 inhabitant of the intestine of healthy locusts and only kills them when 

 injected into the abdominal cavity ; (3) infection does not occur when 

 it is administered to young locusts with food. 



Da Cost .\ Lima (A.). Anastrepha serpentina, a Dipteron injurious to 

 several Fruit Plants in Brazil. — Mthhj. Bull. Agric. InteU. & PL 

 Dis., Rome, vii, no. 9, September 1916, p. 1390. (Abstract 

 from BoL Minist. Agric. Indust. e Comm., Rio de Janeiro, iv, 

 no. 3, pp. 99-104, 1 plate.) [Received 3rd January 1917.] 



The fruit-fly, Anastrepha serpentina, Wied., has been found in Brazil 

 [see this Review, Ser. A, iii, p. 387] and is known to damage the fruit of 

 Mammea americana, ChrgsophyUuni cainito, Mimusops cariacea and 

 Achras sapota. The female bores a hole in the pericarp and deposits 

 eggs in it ; the larvae, which hatch within three or four days, feed 

 on the pulp, in which they tunnel, often causing the fall of the fruit. 

 Methods of control include gathering and destroying the damaged 

 fruit, spraying with sweetened arsenical solutions every 15 days, and 

 the use oi vessels containing poisoned baits suspended from the 

 branches of the plants attacked. 



Dawe (M. T.). Pulgon (Flea-Beetle) que ataca las Plantaciones de 

 Patatas en los Paramos. [A Flea-beetle which attacks Potato 

 Plantations on the Plateaux.] — Rsvista Agricola, Bogota, ii, no. 8, 

 August 1916, pp. 458-461. [Received 10th January 1917.] 



Epitrix nigroaenea, Har., attacks the young, tender leaves of potatoes 

 as soon as they begin to appear, and sometimes ruins an entire plan- 

 tation. This species closely resemble^ E. cucumeris, Harr., which is a 

 very common potato pest in North America, its attacks being frequently 

 accompanied by a fungus disease. Further experiments are necessary 



