158 



L., Palorus {Caenorse) depressa, ¥., Tribolium tnadens, Charp., 

 Laemophlaeus sp., Ephestia kiihniella, Zell., E. elutella, Hb., and 

 Asopia farinalis. Disinfection with sulphur dioxide proved efiectiv» 

 against these pests, and in the case of E. elutella, the gas produced hj 

 burning 3 oz. of sulphur for each 50 cubic feet of space is sufficient to 

 destroy this moth in 24 hours. 



MoKKZECKi (S. A.). rpyiueBbili UBtTotA"b btj Beccapa6iM. [Antho- 

 nomus pedicularius, L., in Bessarabia.] — Published by the Salgir 

 Experimental Pomological Station at Simferopol, Kishinev, 1916, 

 8 pp., 4 figs. 



Some account is given of Anthononius pedicularius, L., from 

 material sent from Bessarabia. The larvae of this weevil, which, 

 as well as the other stages, are described and figured, were foimd 

 inside buds of pears. The larva devours the lower part of both the 

 flower and leaf-buds, eating through the fibro-vescular bundles and 

 thus destroying the future shoot, and is therefore even more 

 injurious than A. pomorum, L., which injures only a single flower-bud. 

 In April the larvae become mature and the pupal stage lasts 15 or 

 16 days, the adults appearing in Bessarabia in the second half of 

 May. Two parasites, Pimpla pomorum, Ratz., and Pteromalus sp., 

 which also attack A. pomorum, were reared from the larvae and 

 pupae. The adults oviposit in autumn, one egg being deposited in 

 each bud ; hibernation takes place either as an egg or a young larva. 



The damage done by this pest in Bessarabia is very great. The 

 remedies suggested are : spraying the buds in autumn with Paris 

 green and lime (1 lb. of lime, 3 lb. of quick hme in 165-170 gallons 

 of water) or lead arsenate (1 lb. in 40-45 gallons, potato-molasses 

 being added for adhesive purposes) and collection of the infested 

 buds in spring, when they can be clearly recognised, and the shaking 

 down of the weevils when feeding on the pears. 



Bragina (A. P.). Kny6HM4Hbm nmiMnblUMK-b. [Emphytus frunca- 

 tus, Kl.] — Published by the Salgir Experimental Pomological 

 Station at Simferopol, Simferopol, 1916, 7 pp. 10 figs. 



The saw fly, Emphytus truncatus, Kl., does not occur in the Crimea 

 and the specimens, the laboratory observations on which are described 

 in this article, were collected in the larval stage in the forests of 

 Berdiansk on strawberries in June 1913. They begin to oviposit . 

 immediately after emerging from the pupa and before pairing, such eggs 

 producing only males ; the fact however that both sexes were reared from 

 the material collected suggests that pairing occurs in nature and that 

 fertihsed eggs give rise to a large proportion of females. The eggs 

 are laid on the lower side of the leaf and hatch in 4 or 5 days. The 

 larvae feed on the leaves and moult at least six times, at intervals 

 of 2 or 3 days, hibernating as mature larvae in the case of the last 

 generation of the year. In the laboratory pupation took place both 

 on the surface of and in the soil, the pupal stage lasting from 4 to 7 

 days. The whole cycle of development occupies about a month and 

 two or three generations probably occur during the summer. No 

 parasites were reared from the larvae in 1913, but four unidentified 

 species were obtained in 1915. To prevent damage to strawberries, 



