161 



weak organic acid, since the Bordeaux mixture turns a deep blue- 

 violet colour. To prepare this spray 10 lb. of copper sulphate crystals 

 are dissolved in 10 gals, of water and in another container 10 lb. of 

 medal glue is soaked in 3-4 gals, of water for 2 or 3 days. At the 

 end of this period 4 gals, of water are brought to the boil in a third 

 container, which is removed from the fire and into which the pieces 

 of softened glue are placed and dissolved. The glue solution is then 

 poured into a vessel marked at the capacity of 40 gals, in 

 which the copper sulphate solution has already been placed. The 

 milk of lime, containing 10 lb. of white quicklime in about 6 gals. 

 of water, is then added, the mixture being well stirred and its bulk 

 brought up to 40 gals. This forms a concentrated stock solution 

 to be diluted with 4 parts of water for use. 



Berlese (A.). Centuria terza di Acari nuovi. [Third List of One 

 Hundred new Acari.]— Separate, dated 31st December 1916, from 

 Redia, Florence, xii, no. 2, pp. 289-338. 



This paper describes one hundred new Acarids from various 

 parts of the world. 



Paillot (A.). Microbes nouveaux, Parasites du Hanneton. Action 

 pathogene sur Chenilles de Vatiessa urticae, Lymantria dispar et 

 sur Vers a Soie. [New Microbe Parasites of the Cockchafer. 

 Their pathogenic Action on the Larvae of Vanessa urticae, Lyman- 

 tria dispar and on Silkworms.] — C. R. Soc. Biol., Paris, Ixxx, 

 no. 2, 20th January 1917, pp. 56-58. 



Cockchafers are very frequently infected with Coccobacilli and it 

 often happens that a double infection is present. Three different 

 combinations have been noted and recorded. 



Coccobacillus combined with Diplococcus melolonthae kills cockchafers 

 in 24 hours, the proportion of the two elements remaining the same 

 even after several passages. Diplococcus alone is only slightly 

 pathogenic and kills cockchafers after two or three days, its virulence 

 not being sensibly increased by passage. The larvae of Lymantria 

 dispar and silkworms resist this infection to a considerable extent, 

 as Diplococcus inoculated into these insects is very rapidly attacked 

 by phagocytes and is unable to multiply. 



In the combination of Coccobacillus with Diplobacillus melolonthae, 

 the second element is fairly abundant ; this combination is more 

 pathogenic as regards cockchafers than Diplococcus, but is less 

 frequently met with in nature. Experiments on 8 cockchafers resulted 

 in 1 dying 24 hours after inoculation and the rest becoming ill and 

 showing numerous Diplobacillus in the blood. Experiments on 

 larvae of Lymantria dispar resulted in 2 out of 3 dying 48 hours after 

 inoculation. At the second passage 2 out of 5 died at the end of 3 

 days, at the third passage 1 died at the end of 48 hours and 1 at the 

 end of 3 days, and at the fourth passage 2 died after 3 days. Silk- 

 worms show no greater sensibility to infection by inoculation than 

 do the larvae of Lymantria. 



The third combination comprises Coccobacillus and Bacillus hoplo- 

 sternus, which is very fatal to cockchafers. At the first passage it 

 kills in 24-36 hours and at the second in less than 24 hours. Spores 



(C359) B 



