194 



of insects and diseases given in the act includes San Jose Scale 

 (Aspidiotus perniciosus. Comst.), brown-tail moth {Euproctis chry- 

 sorrhoea, L.). gipsy moth {Lymantria {Porthetria) dispar, L.), woolly 

 aphis {Eriosoma (Schizoneum) lanigermn, Hausm.), black knot 

 {Plowrightia morbosa, Sacc), apple tree canker {Nectria ditissima, 

 Sul.) and potato canker {Chrysophlyctis endobiotica, Schill.). 



Brittain (W. H.). The Green Apple Bug in Nova Scotia. — N.S. Dept. 

 Agric, Truro, Bull. no. 8, January 1917, 62 pp., 10 plates. 

 [Received 20th March 1917.] 



The Capsid bug, Lygus communis var. novascotiensis, Knight, 

 has already been recorded in Nova Scotia under the name Lygus 

 invitus, Say [see this Revieiv, Ser. A, iv, pp. 96, 520]. The most 

 satisfactory spray against it has been found to be nicotine sulphate 

 (Blackleaf 40), f pint to each 100 gals, water. Two applications are 

 necessary ; the first should be made as soon as the blossoms show signs 

 of opening and the second immediately after they have fallen. The 

 control of this bug, being chiefly a mechanical problem, depends more 

 upon the manner in which the spray is applied than upon any other factor. 

 A strong, narrow, driving spray is essential in order to reach every 

 part of the tree and every insect on it ; the best results were obtained 

 in the experiments described by using a drive nozzle with a pressme 

 of not less than 175 lbs. The amount of material necessary difiers 

 according to conditions, the average amount indicated being 12 gals, 

 of liquid per tree for the first application and 16 gals, per tree for the 

 second. The importance of pruning and thinning prior to spraying 

 is insisted upon, and tanglefoot bands should be used to prevent the 

 bugs which have fallen to the ground returning to the trees after 

 spraying. The necessity for clean cultivation in order to destroy 

 temporary host-plants round the base of the trees, and the dangers 

 of scorching the foliage by heavy spraying, are emphasised. Lime- 

 sulphur was found to be liable to injure foliage when used in the large 

 quantities necessary, but the use of commercial lime-sulphur, 33° Be. 

 in the strength of 1-50 to 1-70, greatly reduced the danger from 

 scorching. Where nicotine sulphate was employed in combination 

 with soluble sulphur, no poison being included, there was no resultant 

 injury to the foliage. Fish-oil carbolic mixture, used in combination 

 with soluble sulphur and triplmnbic arsenate of lead, caused consider- 

 able scorching, but little injury resulted where the arsenate of lead 

 was omitted. The cost of treatment varies, but that of materials 

 alone sufficient to control a severe infestation allowing for two sprayings 

 amounted to about Is. id. per tree. The use of spreaders such as 

 flour paste or soap in the spraying mixture is advocated. A biblio- 

 graphy of 15 works is appended. 



Afanassiev (A. P.). PyccKoe BMHorpaflapcTBO bt* 1915 rofly. II-m 

 eereTauiOHHblM nepiOfllj. [Russian Viticulture in 1915. The 

 second vegetative Period.] — « B'kCTHHK'b BMHOfl'bllifl.» [Messen- 

 ger of Vidculiure], Odessa, xxxv, nos. 5-6, 7-8 & 11-12, May- 

 June, July- August and November-December 1916, pp. 237-246, 

 290-300 and 449-461. 



This is the second series of reports on the state of viticulture in 1915, 

 summarised on the lines of the previous ones [see this Review, Ser. A, 



