198 



clusters of this species. Larvae of Mylabris were also reared from 

 egg-clusters of P. 'pedestris. Other parasites were mites and worms of 

 the genus Mermis. Mites, however, are not regarded as seriously 

 harmful to locusts, while the worms were not numerous enough to 

 be of practical importance. Fungus diseases were also present, and 

 other locust enemies included hedgehogs, quails, starlings, sparrows 

 and other birds. 



PuKHov (B.A.). MtponpiflTifl OpeHfiyprcKaro fyfiepHCHaro SeMciea 

 no 6opb6t Cb BpeAMTenflMM cenbCKaro xosflMCTBa B-b 1916 r. m 

 npoeKTT. IwtponpiflTifl Ha 1917 r. [The Measures of the Zemstvo 

 of the Government of Orenburg for the Control of Pests of 

 Agriculture in 1916 and the Plan of the Measures for 1917.] 

 — Published by the Orenburg Zemstvo, Orenburg, 1917, 53 pp. 



In 1916 a sum of about £2,400 was assigned by the Zemstvo for the 

 locust campaign, more than half of which was again destined for the 

 Tcheliabinsk district, where about 6,700 acres proved to be infested 

 with egg-clusters. The hatching of the locusts was delayed by the 

 cold weather prevailing in May and began on a large scale only on the 

 23rd of that month. Towards the second half of June, all the threat- 

 ened crops were effectively protected, but the great drought which 

 set in at that time caused the locusts remaining on the steppes to 

 invade the crops again and it became necessary to renew the cam- 

 paign, this time mostly by means of poisoned baits. The results of 

 this method, which was used on some 3,000 acres, showed conclusively 

 that it must be regarded as thoroughly effective and in many cases 

 preferable to spraying, being less expensive and less dependent for 

 its results on meteorological conditions. The final cost of the operations 

 amounted to rather less than 2s. C\d. per acre. The investigations 

 carried out in autumn showed that notwithstanding the favourable 

 weather conditions for the breeding of these pests in 1916, only some 

 3,200 acres were infested with egg-clusters. At the same time the 

 percentage of clusters attacked by parasites increased to 13 "8 per 

 cent., compared with 11 per cent, in 1915, and 7-5 per cent, in 1914. 



Observations were also made on Phlyctaenodes sticticalis, L., which 

 was injurious in several localities, and Lymayitria dispar, whicJi is a 

 serious pests of forests in this district. 



A memorandum presented to the Zemstvo as to the campaign 

 against locusts in 1917 is appended, in which the cost of the operations 

 is estimated at about £1,500. 



KsENJOPOLSKY (A. V.). 063opi> BpeAMTeneii BojibiHM m OTHeTi* 

 AtflTenbHOCTM BoAbmcKaro 3HTOMO/ior»iMecKaro BK}po sa 

 1915 rofllj. [Review of the Pests of Volhynia and Report of 

 the Work of Volhynian Entomological Bureau for 191^1.] — 

 Published by the Zemstvo of Volhynia, Jitomir, 1916, 24 pp. 



The proximity of the theatre of the War has interfered with the 

 normal work of the Bureau and is responsible for the limited informa- 

 tion contained in this report. 



Chief amongst the pests of orchards was Anthonomus pomorum, L., 

 which appeared at the end of April and destroyed over half of the 

 apple blossoms and many pears. Of some 600 buds containing larvae 



