223 



[Eriosonui lanigerum] the experimental work has been largely pro- 

 ductive of negative results. Nicotine sulphate (1 : 1200) should be 

 added to 1 : 40 lime-sulphur solution at 32° Be. and the spray applied 

 with care. It must not be applied during hot weather or within 10 

 to 14 days of anticipated hot weather, and drenching should be 

 avoided. This pest can only be dealt with during the summer. Green 

 aphis has been very prevalent during the two past seasons. No 

 experimental work has been carried out in connection with it, but it 

 was observed that orchards which were sprayed with nicotine (1 : 1200) 

 were more free from this insect than adjoining unsprayed ones. 

 For codling moth [Cydia pomoneUa] the usual control with arsenate 

 of lead is advised. The application of lime-sulphur (1 : 10) just as the 

 buds are bursting will control the pear-leaf blister mite [Eriophyes 

 pyri]. San Jose scale [Aspidiotus ferniciosus] is becoming j)revalent 

 in some orchards owing to lime-sulphur sprays not being required 

 for other pests ; these should be sprayed with lime-sulphur (1 : 10) 

 just as the buds are bursting. 



Stone (G. E.). Shade Trees, Characteristics, Adaptation, Diseases and 



Care.— Massachuselts Agric. Expt. Sta., Amherst, Bull. 170, 

 September 1916, 264 pp., 109 figs. [Received 27th March 1917.] 



One section of this bulletin deals with, the injurious effect of various 

 chemical substances on trees, especially those used as insecticides. 

 Kerosene oil often causes serious injury, especially on trees having 

 a thin bark ; gas oil, sometimes used to kill egg-clusters of the 

 gipsy moth [Lyntantria dispar], may do considerable damage, though 

 trees even seriously injured by it are able to produce perfect foliage, 

 owing to the fact that the heavy oil soaking into the sapwood prevents 

 it from cracking and maintains an uninterrupted supply of water 

 from the roots. Miscible oils, which are used for spraying fruit trees 

 to destroy San Jose scale [Aspidiotus perniciosus], sometimes cause 

 local injury. No oils should be used on trees with smooth bark. 

 Maples may be injured with arsenate of lead spray at a strength of 

 12 lb. of arsenate to ICO U.S. gals of water. Paris green, owing to 

 its present uncertain composition, often scorches foliage. Of banding 

 materials tanglefoot seems to be the only one which causes no injury 

 if applied directly to the bark. 



A description is given of the various high power spraying machines 

 used in the State of Massachusetts. 



YoTHERS (M. A.). Bud Weevils and other Bud-eating Insects of 

 Washington. — Washington State Agric. Expt. Sta., Pullman, 

 Bull. no. 124, February 1916, 43 pp., 3 figs., 6 plates, Stables. 

 [Received 30th March 1917.] 



Miscellaneous notes on the life-history and habits of certain species 

 of Rhynchophora and other insects which have been found injuring 

 the buds of fruit trees in the State of Washington are given. The 

 various species investigated included the weevils, Cercopeus artemisiae, 

 Pierce ; Cleoniis lobigerimis, Casey ; C. quadrilineatus, Chev. ; Geo- 

 derces melanothrix, Kirby ; Melamomphus lutevs, Horn ; M. nigrescens, 

 Pierce ; Mimetes setulosus, Lac. ; M.ylacus saccatus, Lee. ; Fanscopus 

 aequalis, Horn ; P. sidcirostris, Pierce ; Sitones apacheana, Casey ; 



