303 



BJvinchites giganteus, Krvn., R. bacchus, L., and other species 

 attacked apples, pears, plums, peaches, apricots and sloes, especially 

 the last two ; Oxythyrea natalia, 01s., and 0. cincteUa, Burm., were 

 noticed on flowers of roses and quinces ; Epicometis {Tropinota) 

 safuraUs, Reitt., E. seniculu. Men., and E. hirta, Poda, injured flowers 

 of late-blossoming apples and quinces ; Capnodis fenebrionis was 

 found on the trunks of peach trees, of which it is considered to be a 

 pest. Lachnus persicae, Choi., was not numerous and was destroyed 

 by Dipterous larvae. Apples were attacked by Aphis pmni, DeG., 

 and pears by A. pyri, Koch. Pests of poplar trees were Melasoma 

 (Lina) populi, L., and PhyUorycter {Lithocolletis) popidifolieUa, Tr. 



Pests of field crops included Anisoplia on wheat and barley, which 

 were also injured by Aphids and thrips; a specimen of the Locustid, 

 Platydeis vittata, Charp., was observed to devour grain in an ear of 

 wheat, which tends to show that this family cannot be regarded as 

 harmless to agriculture. Cotton was injured by Aphids, wireworms 

 and caterpillars of Euxoa ; from caterpillars injuring peas examples 

 of HeUothis obsoleta, F. {armigera, Hb.) were reared ; lucerne was injured 

 by Sifones sp., Apion sp., Cephus pygmaeus and Adelphocoris sp. 



Iliinsky (A. M.). Ms-b HaSmoAeH'm Haflii epeAMTenflMM MHWHpa Bii 

 KaxeTJM. [Observations on the Pests of Ficus carica, L., in 

 Kakhetia.] — «M3BtcTifl TM(j)nMCo-3pMBaHO-KapccKaro Biopo 

 6opb6bi ctj BpeflMienfiMM cejibCHaro xo3flMCTBa.» [Bulletins of 

 the Tifiis-Erivan-Kais Bureau for the Control of Pests of Agricul- 

 ture], Tiflis, no. 2, December 1916, 19 pp., 2 tables of figs. 

 [Received 21st May 1917.] 



In a short introduction to this work, B.P. Uvarov draws attention 

 to the total absence of data relating to pests of fig-trees in Russian 

 literature, in consequence of which the Entomological Bureau of 

 Tiflis entrusted the author mth the investigations on this question 

 in the summer of 1916. 



Three species of insects injuring fig trees are described and figured, 

 viz., Hemerophila (Siniaethis) nemorana, Hb., Hypobor us ficus, Erichs., 

 and Homotoma ficus, L. 



The first-named is found only in places where fig-trees are grown. 

 The female moths oviposit in the second half of May on the lower 

 side of fig leaves. The habits of the larvae resemble those of the 

 related species, H. {S.) pariana, CI., on apples. They pupate in from 

 18 to 20 days, the pupal stage lasting two weeks. The second 

 generation o\aposits in the first half of July, the caterpillars produced 

 being much more injurious, as both the fruit and leaves are injured. 

 A third generation of adults appears in the middle of August, and it 

 is thought probable that they may give rise to a third generation of 

 caterpillars in September. The hibernating stage in Kakhetia has not 

 been ascertained. Yomig fruits, when attacked, drop from the tree 

 and older fruits fail to develop. The best remedy is spraying with 

 Paris green or some other insecticide at the time of the appearance 

 of the caterpillars of the first and second generations. The 

 caterpillars are attacked by an Ichneumonid parasite and by a 

 predaceous Reduviid bug. A fungus disease has also been observed 

 to destrov them. 



