352 



of pests. The use of hydrocyanic acid gas must not be blindly relied 

 on, as some pests, such as Aulacaspis pentagona, are not killed by a 

 fumigation of J oz. of potassium cyanide per forty cubic feet for 45 

 minutes to an hour, in spite of the fact that this is injurious to most 

 plants. 



The gas is best prepared by adding 1 part of pure (98 per cent.) 

 potassium cyanide to 3 parts of water, to which 1 part of sulphuric acid 

 of 66° Be. has previously been added ; this sequence in mixing should 

 be strictly adhered to. 



Balden SPERGER (J.). Des Alpes aux Pyr6n6es. [From the Alps to 

 the Pyrenees.] — VApiculteur, Paris, Ixi, nos. 3 & 4, March- 

 April 1917, pp. 42-46. 

 In the course of a long journey during which bee diseases were 

 thoroughly investigated, the author encountered the following bacilli : 

 Streptococcus apis, causing the disease popularly known as sour-brood 

 or pickled brood ; Bacillus alvei, also known as B. plufon, causing 

 European foul-brood, and Bacillus larvae, causing American foul- 

 brood. Streptococcus apis was found very rarely ; the disease is not 

 very contagious and is easily cured with antiseptic treatment. B. alvei 

 occurs much more frequently, particularly in the Alpine districts ; the 

 disease is contagious, but is curable. Disinfectants are sometimes 

 successful, but a better plan is to pick out the diseased larvae with the 

 point of a knife, or cut out the section containing the bacilli. B. larvae 

 causes a liquid formation and therefore spreads readily throughout the 

 hive. This disease is widely distributed and the only known remedy 

 is to cut out and destroy all parts of the apiary attacked. 



Degrully (L.). Notes on Sprays for Vine Moths. — Progres Agric. 



Vitic, Montpellier, xxxiv, nos. 14, 17, 19 ; 8th April, 29th April, 



13th May 1917, pp. 322-325, 394-395, 437-439. [Received 



8th June 1917.] 



The usual formulae for copper solutions are given. The lime 



recommended for Bordeaux mixtures is fat lime in lumps. The use of 



arsenical solutions against Clysia ambiguella is discussed, and the 



method of preparation of arsenate of lead and copper-arsenical solutions 



described. 



Ravaz (L.). Observations sur les Bouillies cupriques. Titrage de la 

 Chaux. [Observations on Copper Solutions. Titration of the 

 Lime.] — Progres Agric. Vitic, Montpellier, xxxiv, no. 15, 15th 

 April 1917, pp. 341-342. [Received 8th June 1917.] 



This paper describes the method of determining the weight of 

 ordinary lime necessary to neutralise a given quantity of sulphate of 

 copper. Following the formulae given, an acid, neutral, or alkaline 

 solution in any degree can be obtained. 



MuTELET (C. F.). L'Ars^niate de Plomb en Viticulture. [Lead Arsenate 

 in Vine-growing.] — Rev. Viticulture, Paris, xlvi, no. 1 188, 

 5th April 1917, pp. 215-217. [Received 8th June 1917.] 



The question of the period during which the spraying of vines with 

 poisonous solutions, especially lead arsenate, may with safety be carried 



