421 



with a radius of about f mile ; so that it is not easily established and 

 is spreading slowly. The female winters beneath the scale, and 

 o\'iposition begins about mid-March, the young emerging during April, 

 and infesting the whole tree by the beginning of June. 



Methods of control are being tried, a dormant spray used not later 

 than the first week in March being apparently the most promising 

 measure. Two ladybird parasites have been found feeding on the 

 scale, these are Chilocorus bivuhienis (twice-stabbed ladybird) and 

 Lindorus lophaniae (Koebele's ladybird). 



Van Dyke (E. C). A newly introduced Clover Beetle, Sitones hispi- 

 dulus, Germ. — Mthhj. Bull. Cal. State Commiss. Hortic, Sacra- 

 ?nento, vi, no. 6, June 1917, pp. 218-249. 



The author records having observed some thirty specimens of this 

 weevil crawling up the side of a house, evidently migrating from the 

 white clover in the adjacent lawn. This is the first time it has been 

 noted in California. The species was first recorded from Long 

 Island in 1876 and has now spread throughout the north-eastern 

 States and Canada, and also to parts of Oregon and Washington. 



Smith (H. S.). A Scale Insect new to California. — Mthly. Bull. Cal. 

 State Commiss. Hortic, Sacramento, vi, no. 6, June 1917, p. 249. 



A palmetto has been found to be infested with the palmetto scale, 

 Comstockiella sabilis, Comst., which has not been observed elsewhere 

 in California. The owner states that it has been present on the tree 

 for some fifteen years, and has never attacked any of the other forty 

 odd varieties of palms growing beside it. Attempts will be made to 

 eradicate it. 



Uebahns (T. D.). Destroy the Grasshoppers.-^MfAZ?/. Bull. Cal. State 

 Commiss. Hortic, Sacramento, vi, no. 6, June 1917, pp. 249-253, 

 4 figs. 



The most destructive species of grasshoppers in California are 

 Melanoplus devastator, 31. differentialis, M. atlantis, M. bilituratus, 

 Camnula. pellucida and Schistocerca venusta. It is of the greatest 

 importance in controlling these pests that the breeding grounds of the 

 various species should be located. These may be discovered by 

 watching where the adults collect in late summer and by the appearance 

 in great numbers of small hoppers in early spring. Those species 

 which breed in the grass-covered slopes of the foot-hills hatch in early 

 spring, feed upon the green, tender grasses for a time and then work 

 their way down the hill-sides into cultivated fields. They should be 

 poisoned while young and before they leave the breeding ground. 

 Grasshoppers breeding in cultivated farming areas first appear in 

 numbers along uncultivated ditch banks, roadsides, fence lines, etc. 

 It is here that poison should at once be distributed. Formulae for 

 poisons are given and the method of distribution described ; this is best 

 done by hand over small areas and in large areas by means of a grain- 

 seeder attached to the rear of a farm wagon and geared from one of the 

 rear wheels. The poison should be spread in the early afternoon and 

 before irrigation, rather than after. 



