467 



being made to prevent long-distance spreading of the insects. Several 

 instances are given of the expenses incurred by various towns in 

 carrying out control methods. 



WoRTHLEY (L. H.). Solid-stream Spraying against the Gipsy Moth 

 and the Brown-tail Moth in New England. 77. >S. Dep. Agric, 

 Washington, D.C., Bull. no. 480, 30th June 191 7, 15 pp., 16 plates. 

 [Received 7th August 1917.] 



The most efficient and most modern methods of spraying for the 

 control of gipsy moth (Lyinanlria dispar) and brown-tail moth 

 (Eujrwctis chrysorrhoea) are described in this paper. Photographs and 

 diagrams illustrate the descrij)tions of solid-stream spraying apparatus 

 and operations, full directions being given for preparation of the 

 mixtures and methods of application adapted to shade trees, woodlands 

 and orchards. Much good work has already been accomplished in 

 New England with this method of spraying, though a warning is given 

 that other preventive measures must also be taken. If the infestation 

 is severe, egg-clusters should be treated with creosote prior to spraying. 

 From 800 to 1 ,000 tons of arsenate of lead and about 500 high-power 

 solid-stream machines are being used each year in the New England 

 States in this campaign, thousands of acres of park and orchard trees 

 and woodland, as well as some 20,000 miles of street trees, being 

 treated. \Mien spraying is properly done to control gipsy moth, very 

 little trouble is experienced wth other leaf-eating insects. 



Insects of the Season and Investigation Work. — Forty-second Ann. Rept. 

 Ontario Agric. Coll. & Exptl. Farm.— 1916, Toronto, 1917, 

 pp. 10-14. [Received 9th August 1917.] 



The various insect pests of agriculture noticed in 1916 in Ontario 

 are briefl}' dealt with. Investigation work included tests with 

 combination spraying mixtures. Detailed papers on these subjects 

 have alread\^ been abstracted in this Review. 



WiLLCocKs (F. C). A Note on the Rice Field Fly, Ephydra macella- 

 ria, Egger. — Bull. Sac. Entom. d'Egypte, Cairo, no. 4, October- 

 December 1916, pp. 102-105. [Received 20th August 1917.] 



Though Ephydra macellaria, Egger, has been supposed to destroy 

 considerable areas of rice in the northern part of Lower Egypt, the 

 author believes it to be the result rather than the cause of the death 

 of young rice. Up to the present the small, active larvae have been 

 observed to feed only on dead and decaying vegetable matter, and 

 perhaps on living matter in the form of algae. Healthy rice plants do 

 not appear to be injured. It is suggested that the real causes of the 

 dying-off of young rice may be chemical action, fungoid diseases, or 

 other insects. Certain species of Chironomidae are very abundant 

 in the fields and a Dipterous stem-maggot also occurs. 



(C399) c2 



